{"id":"CVE-2026-92948","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"vm2 3.9.6 through 3.11.5 Sandbox Escape via node:test","description":"vm2 versions >= 3.9.6 and <= 3.11.6 are affected by a NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass that permits a sandbox escape on Node.js 24 and newer when the embedder explicitly allows the node:test builtin (e.g. require: { builtin: ['node:test'] }). On Node.js 24+, module.builtinModules exposes the scheme-only key node:test, which is not covered by vm2's family-based DANGEROUS_BUILTINS protection, so it is stored in the generic host-passthrough loader. Because requireImpl() in lib/setup-node-sandbox.js strips a single 'node:' prefix before the builtin lookup, sandbox code calling require('node:node:test') resolves to the stored node:test key and receives a readonly proxy to the host module. Calls to node:test.run() are forwarded to the host implementation, which spawns a separate Node process for process-isolated test execution and passes through attacker-controlled execArgv values; supplying --eval=<JavaScript> therefore executes arbitrary JavaScript in an unrestricted host Node process outside the NodeVM sandbox. Fixed in vm2 3.11.7.","publishedAt":"2026-09-17T13:46:08.814Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-18T19:31:54.395Z","severity":{"score":9.4,"label":"Critical","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","source":"VulnCheck"},"assigner":"VulnCheck","products":["patriksimek vm2"],"affected":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2","packageURL":"pkg:npm/vm2","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"3.9.6","status":"affected","lessThan":"3.11.7","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"3.11.7","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-qhwx-74w5-xhxq","https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.9.6-through-3.11.5-sandbox-escape-via-node-test"],"weaknesses":["CWE-693"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:13:34.582Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/92xxx/CVE-2026-92948.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-92948","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-09-17T13:46:08.814Z","dateUpdated":"2026-09-18T19:31:54.395Z","assignerShortName":"VulnCheck","assignerOrgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateReserved":"2026-09-17T12:43:03.568Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"vm2 3.9.6 through 3.11.5 Sandbox Escape via node:test","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"vm2 versions >= 3.9.6 and <= 3.11.6 are affected by a NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass that permits a sandbox escape on Node.js 24 and newer when the embedder explicitly allows the node:test builtin (e.g. require: { builtin: ['node:test'] }). On Node.js 24+, module.builtinModules exposes the scheme-only key node:test, which is not covered by vm2's family-based DANGEROUS_BUILTINS protection, so it is stored in the generic host-passthrough loader. Because requireImpl() in lib/setup-node-sandbox.js strips a single 'node:' prefix before the builtin lookup, sandbox code calling require('node:node:test') resolves to the stored node:test key and receives a readonly proxy to the host module. Calls to node:test.run() are forwarded to the host implementation, which spawns a separate Node process for process-isolated test execution and passes through attacker-controlled execArgv values; supplying --eval=<JavaScript> therefore executes arbitrary JavaScript in an unrestricted host Node process outside the NodeVM sandbox. Fixed in vm2 3.11.7."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"patriksimek","product":"vm2","packageURL":"pkg:npm/vm2","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"3.9.6","status":"affected","lessThan":"3.11.7","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"3.11.7","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-qhwx-74w5-xhxq","tags":["vendor-advisory"],"name":"GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-qhwx-74w5-xhxq)"},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.9.6-through-3.11.5-sandbox-escape-via-node-test","name":"VulnCheck Advisory: vm2 3.9.6 through 3.11.5 Sandbox Escape via node:test","tags":["third-party-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"format":"CVSS","cvssV4_0":{"version":"4.0","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","vulnIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","subConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","subIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","subAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":9.4,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL"}},{"format":"CVSS","cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"CHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":9.9,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-693","lang":"en","description":"Protection Mechanism Failure","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"VulnCheck","orgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateUpdated":"2026-09-17T13:46:08.814Z"},"datePublic":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"the-vibe-dev","type":"reporter"}],"x_generator":{"engine":"vulncheck-endgame"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-qhwx-74w5-xhxq","tags":["exploit"]}],"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-09-18T19:31:46.698017Z","id":"CVE-2026-92948","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-09-18T19:31:54.395Z"}}]}}}