{"id":"CVE-2026-8169","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"ExtremeXOS Debug-Mode Privilege Escalation via Weak PRNG","description":"ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.\n\n\n\nExtreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Université Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.","publishedAt":"2026-07-20T17:33:05.699Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z","severity":{"score":8.7,"label":"High","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"ExtremeNetworks"},"assigner":"ExtremeNetworks","products":["Extreme Networks Switch Engine (EXOS)"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Extreme Networks","product":"Switch Engine (EXOS)","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThan":"31.7.4","versionType":"custom"},{"version":"32.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"32.7.4.15","versionType":"custom"},{"version":"33.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"33.1.100","versionType":"custom"},{"version":"33.2.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"33.7.1","versionType":"custom"}],"platforms":["Switch Engine"]}],"references":["https://www.extremenetworks.com/support/policies/product-security"],"weaknesses":["CWE-338"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:13:26.108Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/8xxx/CVE-2026-8169.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-8169","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-07-20T17:33:05.699Z","dateUpdated":"2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z","assignerShortName":"ExtremeNetworks","assignerOrgId":"1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b","dateReserved":"2026-05-08T12:59:08.619Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"ExtremeXOS Debug-Mode Privilege Escalation via Weak PRNG","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"ExtremeXOS (EXOS) uses a challenge-response mechanism to authorize access to the privileged debug-mode function. The challenge value is generated using an insufficiently random source, which under certain conditions may allow an attacker to predict the expected response and activate debug-mode without authorization. Depending on device configuration and version, this may enable escalation to root-level access and persistent modification of the device software stack. Exploitation requires either a valid low-privilege account on the device (remote scenario) or physical serial console access (local scenario). This vulnerability is distinct from CVE-2017-14329, which addressed a different issue involving Python script privileges.\n\n\n\nExtreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Université Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Extreme Networks","product":"Switch Engine (EXOS)","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThan":"31.7.4","versionType":"custom"},{"version":"32.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"32.7.4.15","versionType":"custom"},{"version":"33.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"33.1.100","versionType":"custom"},{"version":"33.2.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"33.7.1","versionType":"custom"}],"platforms":["Switch Engine"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.extremenetworks.com/support/policies/product-security","name":"Extreme Networks Product Security","tags":["vendor-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}],"cvssV4_0":{"attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","version":"4.0","baseSeverity":"HIGH","baseScore":8.7,"vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-338","lang":"en","description":"CWE-338: Use of Cryptographically Weak Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG)","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"ExtremeNetworks","orgId":"1c053176-eef3-4d6a-ae0b-24728c86587b","dateUpdated":"2026-07-20T19:20:47.552Z"},"datePublic":"2026-07-20T17:27:00.000Z","workarounds":[{"lang":"en","value":"Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, customers should: (1) restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only; (2) enforce strong authentication and rotate any default credentials; (3) restrict physical access to serial console ports; and (4) monitor device logs for unexpected debug-mode activation attempts.","supportingMedia":[{"type":"text/html","base64":false,"value":"<p>Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, customers should: (1) restrict CLI access to trusted administrators only; (2) enforce strong authentication and rotate any default credentials; (3) restrict physical access to serial console ports; and (4) monitor device logs for unexpected debug-mode activation attempts.</p>"}]}],"solutions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Extreme Networks has released fixed versions of Switch Engine (EXOS) that address this vulnerability. Customers should upgrade to one of the following releases or later: 31.7.4, 32.7.4.15, 33.1.100, or 33.7.1.","supportingMedia":[{"type":"text/html","base64":false,"value":"<p>Extreme Networks has released fixed versions of Switch Engine (EXOS) that address this vulnerability. Customers should upgrade to one of the following releases or later: 31.7.4, 32.7.4.15, 33.1.100, or 33.7.1.</p>"}]}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"Extreme would like to thank Hadrien Barral (Université Gustave Eiffel) and Georges-Axel Jaloyan (French Ministry of the Interior) for responsible disclosure of their findings.","type":"finder"}],"source":{"advisory":"SA-2026-087","discovery":"EXTERNAL"},"x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 1.0.2"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-07-20T18:26:07.254983Z","id":"CVE-2026-8169","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-07-20T18:26:18.638Z"}}]}}}