{"id":"CVE-2026-78691","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Unescaped backslash allows LIKE wildcard injection in AshSql string search","description":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a user who supplies a search term to contains/2, string_starts_with/2, or string_ends_with/2 to inject live SQL LIKE wildcards, turning a literal substring search into an attacker-controlled pattern match.\n\nThe escape helpers in AshSql.Expr prefix % and _ with a backslash but never escape a backslash already present in the input. Because backslash is the default LIKE escape character, the escaping defeats itself: the input \\% becomes the pattern fragment \\\\%, where \\\\ is a literal backslash and the attacker's % remains a live wildcard. The search value stays parameterized, so this is confined to the LIKE pattern grammar rather than full SQL. An attacker can widen matches to probe values, slip past a negated contains(...) guard, or crash the query with a trailing lone backslash.\n\nThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.1.1-rc.10 before 0.7.1.","publishedAt":"2026-08-30T11:55:20.331Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-31T14:57:41.423Z","severity":{"score":2.1,"label":"Low","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"EEF"},"assigner":"EEF","products":["ash-project ash_sql"],"affected":[{"vendor":"ash-project","product":"ash_sql","packageName":"ash_sql","packageURL":"pkg:hex/ash_sql","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0.1.1-rc.10","status":"affected","lessThan":"0.7.1","versionType":"semver"}],"collectionURL":"https://repo.hex.pm","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.AshSql.Expr'"],"programFiles":["lib/expr.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_contains/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_starts_with/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_ends_with/1"}],"repo":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql"},{"vendor":"ash-project","product":"ash_sql","packageName":"ash-project/ash_sql","packageURL":"pkg:github/ash-project/ash_sql","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"cfc7da474c5be2190fd62664a83a689377a8d512","status":"affected","lessThan":"d95c55c64b1b42cc2fd30211a4913f3145156cd4","versionType":"git"}],"collectionURL":"https://github.com","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.AshSql.Expr'"],"programFiles":["lib/expr.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_contains/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_starts_with/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_ends_with/1"}],"repo":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql"}],"references":["https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/advisories/GHSA-5jgp-7mhc-6qqh","https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-78691.html","https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-78691","https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/commit/d95c55c64b1b42cc2fd30211a4913f3145156cd4"],"weaknesses":["CWE-943"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:13:07.220Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/78xxx/CVE-2026-78691.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-78691","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-08-30T11:55:20.331Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-31T14:57:41.423Z","assignerShortName":"EEF","assignerOrgId":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db","dateReserved":"2026-08-30T05:45:01.818Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Unescaped backslash allows LIKE wildcard injection in AshSql string search","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic vulnerability in ash-project ash_sql allows a user who supplies a search term to contains/2, string_starts_with/2, or string_ends_with/2 to inject live SQL LIKE wildcards, turning a literal substring search into an attacker-controlled pattern match.\n\nThe escape helpers in AshSql.Expr prefix % and _ with a backslash but never escape a backslash already present in the input. Because backslash is the default LIKE escape character, the escaping defeats itself: the input \\% becomes the pattern fragment \\\\%, where \\\\ is a literal backslash and the attacker's % remains a live wildcard. The search value stays parameterized, so this is confined to the LIKE pattern grammar rather than full SQL. An attacker can widen matches to probe values, slip past a negated contains(...) guard, or crash the query with a trailing lone backslash.\n\nThis issue affects ash_sql: from 0.1.1-rc.10 before 0.7.1."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"ash-project","product":"ash_sql","packageName":"ash_sql","packageURL":"pkg:hex/ash_sql","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0.1.1-rc.10","status":"affected","lessThan":"0.7.1","versionType":"semver"}],"collectionURL":"https://repo.hex.pm","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.AshSql.Expr'"],"programFiles":["lib/expr.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_contains/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_starts_with/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_ends_with/1"}],"repo":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql"},{"vendor":"ash-project","product":"ash_sql","packageName":"ash-project/ash_sql","packageURL":"pkg:github/ash-project/ash_sql","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"cfc7da474c5be2190fd62664a83a689377a8d512","status":"affected","lessThan":"d95c55c64b1b42cc2fd30211a4913f3145156cd4","versionType":"git"}],"collectionURL":"https://github.com","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.AshSql.Expr'"],"programFiles":["lib/expr.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_contains/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_starts_with/1"},{"name":"'Elixir.AshSql.Expr':escape_ends_with/1"}],"repo":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/advisories/GHSA-5jgp-7mhc-6qqh","tags":["vendor-advisory","related"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-78691.html","tags":["related"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-78691","tags":["related"]},{"url":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/commit/d95c55c64b1b42cc2fd30211a4913f3145156cd4","tags":["patch"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"PRESENT","attackVector":"LOCAL","baseScore":2.1,"baseSeverity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"LOW","vulnIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-943","description":"CWE-943 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"EEF","orgId":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db","dateUpdated":"2026-08-30T11:55:20.331Z"},"configurations":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"<p>An application must pass untrusted input as the search term of <code>contains/2</code>, <code>string_starts_with/2</code>, or <code>string_ends_with/2</code> (for example a user-controlled substring search).</p>"},{"base64":false,"type":"text/markdown","value":"An application must pass untrusted input as the search term of `contains/2`, `string_starts_with/2`, or `string_ends_with/2` (for example a user-controlled substring search)."}],"value":"An application must pass untrusted input as the search term of contains/2, string_starts_with/2, or string_ends_with/2 (for example a user-controlled substring search)."}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_sql:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"0.7.1","versionStartIncluding":"0.1.1-rc.10","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}],"operator":"AND"}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Peter Ullrich"},{"lang":"en","type":"reporter","value":"Peter Ullrich"},{"lang":"en","type":"remediation developer","value":"Zach Daniel / Ash Project"},{"lang":"en","type":"coordinator","value":"Jonatan Männchen / EEF"}],"impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-116","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-116 Excavation"}]}],"source":{"discovery":"EXTERNAL"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/ash-project/ash_sql/security/advisories/GHSA-5jgp-7mhc-6qqh","tags":["exploit"]}],"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-08-31T14:57:20.454917Z","id":"CVE-2026-78691","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-08-31T14:57:41.423Z"}}]}}}