{"id":"CVE-2026-54626","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"SAIL: Heap out-of-bounds write in SAIL TGA decoder (indexed-RLE bpp/stride mismatch)","description":"SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. In 0.9.10 and earlier, the TGA_INDEXED_RLE path selected by image_type == 9 allocates an image buffer using the one-byte-per-pixel SAIL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BPP8_INDEXED format returned by tga_private_sail_pixel_format() in src/sail-codecs/tga/helpers.c, while sail_codec_load_frame_v8_tga() in src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c derives a two-to-four-byte pixel_size from an attacker-controlled header bpp value from 9 through 32. Loading a crafted color-mapped run-length-encoded TGA through sail_load_from_file() or sail_load_from_memory() therefore writes attacker-controlled bytes beyond the heap pixel buffer. The pixel-count clamp added for CVE-2026-40494 does not constrain the per-pixel write width, so this issue is an incomplete fix of that vulnerability and can cause heap corruption, a reliable crash, or potential code execution. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.","publishedAt":"2026-09-17T19:46:20.079Z","updatedAt":"2026-09-17T20:21:11.085Z","severity":{"score":9.8,"label":"Critical","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"GitHub_M"},"assigner":"GitHub_M","products":["HappySeaFox sail"],"affected":[{"vendor":"HappySeaFox","product":"sail","versions":[{"version":"< 1.0.0","status":"affected"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h","https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559","https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/releases/tag/v1.0.0"],"weaknesses":["CWE-122","CWE-787"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:12:24.861Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/54xxx/CVE-2026-54626.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-54626","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-09-17T19:46:20.079Z","dateUpdated":"2026-09-17T20:21:11.085Z","assignerShortName":"GitHub_M","assignerOrgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateReserved":"2026-06-15T20:07:02.185Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"SAIL: Heap out-of-bounds write in SAIL TGA decoder (indexed-RLE bpp/stride mismatch)","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. In 0.9.10 and earlier, the TGA_INDEXED_RLE path selected by image_type == 9 allocates an image buffer using the one-byte-per-pixel SAIL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BPP8_INDEXED format returned by tga_private_sail_pixel_format() in src/sail-codecs/tga/helpers.c, while sail_codec_load_frame_v8_tga() in src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c derives a two-to-four-byte pixel_size from an attacker-controlled header bpp value from 9 through 32. Loading a crafted color-mapped run-length-encoded TGA through sail_load_from_file() or sail_load_from_memory() therefore writes attacker-controlled bytes beyond the heap pixel buffer. The pixel-count clamp added for CVE-2026-40494 does not constrain the per-pixel write width, so this issue is an incomplete fix of that vulnerability and can cause heap corruption, a reliable crash, or potential code execution. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"HappySeaFox","product":"sail","versions":[{"version":"< 1.0.0","status":"affected"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h","name":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]},{"url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559","name":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/releases/tag/v1.0.0","name":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/releases/tag/v1.0.0","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":9.8,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-122","lang":"en","description":"CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow","type":"CWE"}]},{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-787","lang":"en","description":"CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"GitHub_M","orgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateUpdated":"2026-09-17T19:46:20.079Z"},"source":{"advisory":"GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h","discovery":"UNKNOWN"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h","tags":["exploit"]}],"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-09-17T20:20:49.465542Z","id":"CVE-2026-54626","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-09-17T20:21:11.085Z"}}]}}}