{"id":"CVE-2026-46403","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects","description":"Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state.","publishedAt":"2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z","updatedAt":"2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z","severity":{"score":6.3,"label":"Medium","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N","source":"GitHub_M"},"assigner":"GitHub_M","products":["klever-io klever-go"],"affected":[{"vendor":"klever-io","product":"klever-go","versions":[{"version":"< 1.7.17","status":"affected"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862","https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef"],"weaknesses":["CWE-693"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:12:07.131Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/46xxx/CVE-2026-46403.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-46403","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z","dateUpdated":"2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z","assignerShortName":"GitHub_M","assignerOrgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateReserved":"2026-05-13T21:04:10.932Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Klever-Go KVM read-only execution can commit contract delete and upgrade side effects","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.17, KVM exposes `ExecuteReadOnlyWithTypedArguments` as a read-only execution mechanism. The hook saves the previous read-only state, sets `runtime.SetReadOnly(true)`, executes the destination context, and then restores the previous read-only state. However, the indirect contract delete and upgrade paths do not reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. As a result, a contract reached through read-only execution can call the production delete hook for a target contract it owns. The delete path appends the target address to `vmOutput.DeletedAccounts`, the output context merges `DeletedAccounts` into the caller output, and the smart contract processor later processes the VM output by deleting accounts listed in that field. The root cause is that read-only mode is applied as runtime state, but not enforced by the state-changing delete and upgrade host-core paths. This breaks the expected isolation boundary for workflows that rely on read-only calls to inspect another contract without allowing that callee to produce state-changing VM output. The issue is fixed in v1.7.17. Contract delete and upgrade host-core paths now reject execution when `runtime.ReadOnly()` is true. The invariant is regression-tested for delete, upgrade, storage writes, value transfers, and any VM output field that can later mutate chain state."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"klever-io","product":"klever-go","versions":[{"version":"< 1.7.17","status":"affected"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","name":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]},{"url":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862","name":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef","name":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/commit/68b94a40824fac2d848a4ded6eb7c91ada6ce9ef","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":6.3,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"CHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N","version":"3.1"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-693","lang":"en","description":"CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"GitHub_M","orgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateUpdated":"2026-07-21T19:51:18.745Z"},"source":{"advisory":"GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","discovery":"UNKNOWN"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-jc6w-wmfc-fh33","tags":["exploit"]}],"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-07-22T14:26:16.323007Z","id":"CVE-2026-46403","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-07-22T14:28:22.326Z"}}]}}}