{"id":"CVE-2026-44995","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"OpenClaw < 2026.4.20 - Arbitrary Code Execution via MCP stdio Environment Variables","description":"OpenClaw before 2026.4.20 contains an improper environment variable validation vulnerability in MCP stdio server configuration that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. Malicious workspace configurations can pass dangerous startup variables like NODE_OPTIONS, LD_PRELOAD, or BASH_ENV to spawned MCP server processes, enabling code injection when operators start sessions using those servers.","publishedAt":"2026-05-11T16:46:35.083Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-11T17:57:02.478Z","severity":{"score":5.4,"label":"Medium","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"VulnCheck"},"assigner":"VulnCheck","products":["OpenClaw OpenClaw"],"affected":[{"vendor":"OpenClaw","product":"OpenClaw","packageURL":"pkg:npm/openclaw","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThan":"2026.4.20","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"2026.4.20","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mj59-h3q9-ghfh","https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/62fa5071896e95edc7f67d1cebc70a2859e283af","https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/85d86ebc4bf3d2226d39d132a484f4f7a299fa1b","https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-arbitrary-code-execution-via-mcp-stdio-environment-variables"],"weaknesses":["CWE-829"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:11:57.932Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44995.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-44995","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-05-11T16:46:35.083Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T17:57:02.478Z","assignerShortName":"VulnCheck","assignerOrgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateReserved":"2026-05-08T16:41:39.934Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"OpenClaw < 2026.4.20 - Arbitrary Code Execution via MCP stdio Environment Variables","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"OpenClaw before 2026.4.20 contains an improper environment variable validation vulnerability in MCP stdio server configuration that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. Malicious workspace configurations can pass dangerous startup variables like NODE_OPTIONS, LD_PRELOAD, or BASH_ENV to spawned MCP server processes, enabling code injection when operators start sessions using those servers."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"OpenClaw","product":"OpenClaw","packageURL":"pkg:npm/openclaw","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThan":"2026.4.20","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"2026.4.20","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-mj59-h3q9-ghfh","name":"GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-mj59-h3q9-ghfh)","tags":["vendor-advisory"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/62fa5071896e95edc7f67d1cebc70a2859e283af","name":"Patch Commit (1)","tags":["patch"]},{"url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/85d86ebc4bf3d2226d39d132a484f4f7a299fa1b","name":"Patch Commit (2)","tags":["patch"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-arbitrary-code-execution-via-mcp-stdio-environment-variables","name":"VulnCheck Advisory: OpenClaw < 2026.4.20 - Arbitrary Code Execution via MCP stdio Environment Variables","tags":["third-party-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}],"cvssV4_0":{"attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"PRESENT","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"PASSIVE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","version":"4.0","baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","baseScore":5.4,"vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}},{"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}],"cvssV3_1":{"attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","version":"3.1","baseSeverity":"HIGH","baseScore":7.3,"vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-829","lang":"en","description":"Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"VulnCheck","orgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T16:46:35.083Z"},"tags":["x_open-source"],"datePublic":"2026-04-21T00:00:00.000Z","cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"2026.4.20"}]}]}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"Gus (@garagon)","type":"reporter"}],"x_generator":{"engine":"vulncheck"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-05-11T17:56:23.350755Z","id":"CVE-2026-44995","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T17:57:02.478Z"}}]}}}