{"id":"CVE-2026-44723","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Vowpal Wabbit: Shell injection via crafted PR title in python_checks.yml allows arbitrary command execution on CI runner","description":"Vowpal Wabbit is a machine learning system. The workflow .github/workflows/python_checks.yml embeds ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }} directly inside double-quoted bash strings in four separate steps across four jobs, each passing it as a CLI argument to the Python test script run_tests_model_gen_and_load.py. The shell interprets the expanded string before invoking Python, allowing an attacker to break out of the quotes and execute arbitrary commands on the runner. The pull_request trigger fires on PRs targeting any branch (branches: ['*']), with no additional access gate. This vulnerability is fixed by the 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad commit.","publishedAt":"2026-05-26T15:49:17.951Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-28T13:58:23.038Z","severity":{"score":5,"label":"Medium","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N","source":"GitHub_M"},"assigner":"GitHub_M","products":["VowpalWabbit vowpal_wabbit"],"affected":[{"vendor":"VowpalWabbit","product":"vowpal_wabbit","versions":[{"version":"< 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad","status":"affected"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq","https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad"],"weaknesses":["CWE-78","CWE-1336"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:11:57.932Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44723.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-44723","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-05-26T15:49:17.951Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-28T13:58:23.038Z","assignerShortName":"GitHub_M","assignerOrgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateReserved":"2026-05-07T18:04:17.308Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Vowpal Wabbit: Shell injection via crafted PR title in python_checks.yml allows arbitrary command execution on CI runner","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Vowpal Wabbit is a machine learning system. The workflow .github/workflows/python_checks.yml embeds ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }} directly inside double-quoted bash strings in four separate steps across four jobs, each passing it as a CLI argument to the Python test script run_tests_model_gen_and_load.py. The shell interprets the expanded string before invoking Python, allowing an attacker to break out of the quotes and execute arbitrary commands on the runner. The pull_request trigger fires on PRs targeting any branch (branches: ['*']), with no additional access gate. This vulnerability is fixed by the 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad commit."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"VowpalWabbit","product":"vowpal_wabbit","versions":[{"version":"< 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad","status":"affected"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq","name":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]},{"url":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad","name":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/commit/998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"CHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-78","lang":"en","description":"CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')","type":"CWE"}]},{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-1336","lang":"en","description":"CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"GitHub_M","orgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateUpdated":"2026-05-26T15:49:17.951Z"},"source":{"advisory":"GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq","discovery":"UNKNOWN"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/VowpalWabbit/vowpal_wabbit/security/advisories/GHSA-cg2g-xgg7-3xxq","tags":["exploit"]}],"metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-05-28T13:57:55.755971Z","id":"CVE-2026-44723","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-05-28T13:58:23.038Z"}}]}}}