{"id":"CVE-2026-43967","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Quadratic fragment-name uniqueness check causes denial of service in absinthe","description":"Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in absinthe-graphql absinthe allows unauthenticated denial of service via quadratic fragment-name uniqueness validation.\n\n'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':run/2 iterates over all fragments and for each one calls duplicate?/2, which evaluates Enum.count(fragments, &(&1.name == name)) — a full linear scan of the fragment list. The result is O(N²) comparisons per document, where N is the number of fragment definitions supplied by the caller.\n\nBecause input.fragments is built directly from the GraphQL query body, N is fully attacker-controlled. A minimum-size fragment definition is roughly 16 bytes, so a ~1 MB document carries ~60,000 fragments and forces ~3.6 × 10⁹ comparisons inside this single validation phase. No authentication, schema knowledge, or special configuration is required.\n\nThis issue affects absinthe: from 1.2.0 before 1.10.2.","publishedAt":"2026-05-08T15:42:34.347Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-09T04:18:14.810Z","severity":{"score":8.7,"label":"High","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"EEF"},"assigner":"EEF","products":["absinthe-graphql absinthe"],"affected":[{"vendor":"absinthe-graphql","product":"absinthe","packageName":"absinthe","packageURL":"pkg:hex/absinthe","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"1.2.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"1.10.2","versionType":"semver"}],"collectionURL":"https://repo.hex.pm","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:absinthe-graphql:absinthe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames'"],"programFiles":["lib/absinthe/phase/document/validation/unique_fragment_names.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':run/2"},{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':duplicate?/2"}],"repo":"https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe"},{"vendor":"absinthe-graphql","product":"absinthe","packageName":"absinthe-graphql/absinthe","packageURL":"pkg:github/absinthe-graphql/absinthe","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0b46e3bcc06c0d3797bacd64761b908a84646c1d","status":"affected","lessThan":"223600c520493dcaf95080af552c413099f92c9d","versionType":"git"}],"collectionURL":"https://github.com","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:absinthe-graphql:absinthe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames'"],"programFiles":["lib/absinthe/phase/document/validation/unique_fragment_names.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':run/2"},{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':duplicate?/2"}],"repo":"https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe"}],"references":["https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe/security/advisories/GHSA-9mhv-8h52-q7q2","https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43967.html","https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43967","https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe/commit/223600c520493dcaf95080af552c413099f92c9d"],"weaknesses":["CWE-407"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:11:57.932Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/43xxx/CVE-2026-43967.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-43967","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-05-08T15:42:34.347Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-09T04:18:14.810Z","assignerShortName":"EEF","assignerOrgId":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db","dateReserved":"2026-05-04T18:23:25.573Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Quadratic fragment-name uniqueness check causes denial of service in absinthe","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in absinthe-graphql absinthe allows unauthenticated denial of service via quadratic fragment-name uniqueness validation.\n\n'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':run/2 iterates over all fragments and for each one calls duplicate?/2, which evaluates Enum.count(fragments, &(&1.name == name)) — a full linear scan of the fragment list. The result is O(N²) comparisons per document, where N is the number of fragment definitions supplied by the caller.\n\nBecause input.fragments is built directly from the GraphQL query body, N is fully attacker-controlled. A minimum-size fragment definition is roughly 16 bytes, so a ~1 MB document carries ~60,000 fragments and forces ~3.6 × 10⁹ comparisons inside this single validation phase. No authentication, schema knowledge, or special configuration is required.\n\nThis issue affects absinthe: from 1.2.0 before 1.10.2."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"absinthe-graphql","product":"absinthe","packageName":"absinthe","packageURL":"pkg:hex/absinthe","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"1.2.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"1.10.2","versionType":"semver"}],"collectionURL":"https://repo.hex.pm","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:absinthe-graphql:absinthe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames'"],"programFiles":["lib/absinthe/phase/document/validation/unique_fragment_names.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':run/2"},{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':duplicate?/2"}],"repo":"https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe"},{"vendor":"absinthe-graphql","product":"absinthe","packageName":"absinthe-graphql/absinthe","packageURL":"pkg:github/absinthe-graphql/absinthe","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0b46e3bcc06c0d3797bacd64761b908a84646c1d","status":"affected","lessThan":"223600c520493dcaf95080af552c413099f92c9d","versionType":"git"}],"collectionURL":"https://github.com","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:absinthe-graphql:absinthe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"],"modules":["'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames'"],"programFiles":["lib/absinthe/phase/document/validation/unique_fragment_names.ex"],"programRoutines":[{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':run/2"},{"name":"'Elixir.Absinthe.Phase.Document.Validation.UniqueFragmentNames':duplicate?/2"}],"repo":"https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe/security/advisories/GHSA-9mhv-8h52-q7q2","tags":["vendor-advisory","related"]},{"url":"https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43967.html","tags":["related"]},{"url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43967","tags":["related"]},{"url":"https://github.com/absinthe-graphql/absinthe/commit/223600c520493dcaf95080af552c413099f92c9d","tags":["patch"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"NETWORK","baseScore":8.7,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"NONE"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-407","description":"CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"EEF","orgId":"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db","dateUpdated":"2026-05-09T04:18:14.810Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:absinthe-graphql:absinthe:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"1.10.2","versionStartIncluding":"1.2.0","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}],"operator":"AND"}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Peter Ullrich"},{"lang":"en","type":"remediation developer","value":"Curtis Schiewek"}],"impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-229","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-229 Serialized Data Parameter Blowup"}]}],"source":{"discovery":"EXTERNAL"},"x_generator":{"engine":"cvelib 1.8.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-05-08T16:07:01.053904Z","id":"CVE-2026-43967","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-05-08T16:07:10.322Z"}}]}}}