{"id":"CVE-2026-40494","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder — raw packet path missing bounds check","description":"SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue.","publishedAt":"2026-04-18T01:42:48.830Z","updatedAt":"2026-04-20T14:55:42.859Z","severity":{"score":9.8,"label":"Critical","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"GitHub_M"},"assigner":"GitHub_M","products":["HappySeaFox sail"],"affected":[{"vendor":"HappySeaFox","product":"sail","versions":[{"version":"< 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302","status":"affected"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f","https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302"],"weaknesses":["CWE-787"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:11:57.932Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40494.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-40494","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-04-18T01:42:48.830Z","dateUpdated":"2026-04-20T14:55:42.859Z","assignerShortName":"GitHub_M","assignerOrgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateReserved":"2026-04-13T19:50:42.115Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder — raw packet path missing bounds check","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"HappySeaFox","product":"sail","versions":[{"version":"< 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302","status":"affected"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f","name":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]},{"url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302","name":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":9.8,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-787","lang":"en","description":"CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"GitHub_M","orgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","dateUpdated":"2026-04-18T01:42:48.830Z"},"source":{"advisory":"GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f","discovery":"UNKNOWN"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-04-20T14:47:38.934644Z","id":"CVE-2026-40494","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-04-20T14:55:42.859Z"}}]}}}