{"id":"CVE-2026-104430","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Zebra 4.5.0 Consensus Split via P2SH Sigop Overcount","description":"Zebra zebrad 4.5.0 and zebra-script 7.0.0 count P2SH redeem script signature operations in legacy mode rather than zcashd's accurate P2SH mode, overcounting CHECKMULTISIG preceded by OP_1 through OP_16 as 20 sigops and causing a consensus divergence. Remote attackers can broadcast P2SH spends using low-threshold multisig redeem scripts so that a block zcashd accepts exceeds Zebra's inflated MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS count, causing Zebra nodes to reject it and stall off the chain.","publishedAt":"2026-10-02T11:38:09.916Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-02T15:17:44.203Z","severity":{"score":8.7,"label":"High","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"VulnCheck"},"assigner":"VulnCheck","products":["ZcashFoundation zebra"],"affected":[{"vendor":"ZcashFoundation","product":"zebra","packageURL":"pkg:cargo/zebrad","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"4.5.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.5.1","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.5.1","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]},{"vendor":"ZcashFoundation","product":"zebra","packageURL":"pkg:cargo/zebra-script","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"7.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"7.0.1","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"7.0.1","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-2prc-cj5x-4443","https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-4.5.0-consensus-split-via-p2sh-sigop-overcount"],"weaknesses":["CWE-628"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:10:23.711Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2026/104xxx/CVE-2026-104430.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2026-104430","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-10-02T11:38:09.916Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-02T15:17:44.203Z","assignerShortName":"VulnCheck","assignerOrgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateReserved":"2026-10-02T00:50:26.603Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Zebra 4.5.0 Consensus Split via P2SH Sigop Overcount","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Zebra zebrad 4.5.0 and zebra-script 7.0.0 count P2SH redeem script signature operations in legacy mode rather than zcashd's accurate P2SH mode, overcounting CHECKMULTISIG preceded by OP_1 through OP_16 as 20 sigops and causing a consensus divergence. Remote attackers can broadcast P2SH spends using low-threshold multisig redeem scripts so that a block zcashd accepts exceeds Zebra's inflated MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS count, causing Zebra nodes to reject it and stall off the chain."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"ZcashFoundation","product":"zebra","packageURL":"pkg:cargo/zebrad","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"4.5.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.5.1","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.5.1","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]},{"vendor":"ZcashFoundation","product":"zebra","packageURL":"pkg:cargo/zebra-script","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"7.0.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"7.0.1","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"7.0.1","status":"unaffected","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-2prc-cj5x-4443","tags":["vendor-advisory"],"name":"GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-2prc-cj5x-4443)"},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zebra-4.5.0-consensus-split-via-p2sh-sigop-overcount","name":"VulnCheck Advisory: Zebra 4.5.0 Consensus Split via P2SH Sigop Overcount","tags":["third-party-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"NETWORK","baseScore":8.7,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","privilegesRequired":"NONE","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"},"format":"CVSS"},{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS"}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-628","lang":"en","description":"Function Call with Incorrectly Specified Arguments","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"VulnCheck","orgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateUpdated":"2026-10-02T11:38:09.916Z"},"datePublic":"2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.5.0","versionEndExcluding":"4.5.1"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:zfnd:zebra:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"7.0.0","versionEndExcluding":"7.0.1"}]}]}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"sangsoo-osec","type":"reporter"}],"x_generator":{"engine":"vulncheck-endgame"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-10-02T15:17:26.296433Z","id":"CVE-2026-104430","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-10-02T15:17:44.203Z"}}]}}}