{"id":"CVE-2025-68321","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"page_pool: always add GFP_NOWARN for ATOMIC allocations","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npage_pool: always add GFP_NOWARN for ATOMIC allocations\n\nDriver authors often forget to add GFP_NOWARN for page allocation\nfrom the datapath. This is annoying to users as OOMs are a fact\nof life, and we pretty much expect network Rx to hit page allocation\nfailures during OOM. Make page pool add GFP_NOWARN for ATOMIC allocations\nby default.","publishedAt":"2025-12-16T15:44:19.066Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-30T12:23:12.656Z","severity":{"score":7.5,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","source":"Linux"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"3c4c2c96d00d112626736cc865b3c75aa8fb6de3","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"0ec2cd5c58793d0c622797cd5fbe26634b357210","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"9835a0fd59a1df5ec0740fdab6d50db68e0f10de","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"7613c06ffa89c1e2266fb532e23ef7dfdf269d73","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"3671a0775952026228ae44e096eb144bca75f8dc","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"ab48dc0e23eb714b3f233f8e8f6deed7df2051f5","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"f3b52167a0cb23b27414452fbc1278da2ee884fc","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/core/page_pool.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"4.18","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"4.18","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.273","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.197","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.159","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.117","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.58","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.8","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/core/page_pool.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c4c2c96d00d112626736cc865b3c75aa8fb6de3","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ec2cd5c58793d0c622797cd5fbe26634b357210","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9835a0fd59a1df5ec0740fdab6d50db68e0f10de","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7613c06ffa89c1e2266fb532e23ef7dfdf269d73","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3671a0775952026228ae44e096eb144bca75f8dc","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab48dc0e23eb714b3f233f8e8f6deed7df2051f5","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f3b52167a0cb23b27414452fbc1278da2ee884fc"],"weaknesses":[],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-30T12:40:04.423Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/68xxx/CVE-2025-68321.json","commit":"db8103c5921aac81d5d90efcf3745980dafabf49","baselineCommit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-68321","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-12-16T15:44:19.066Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-30T12:23:12.656Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2025-12-16T14:48:05.295Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"page_pool: always add GFP_NOWARN for ATOMIC allocations","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npage_pool: always add GFP_NOWARN for ATOMIC allocations\n\nDriver authors often forget to add GFP_NOWARN for page allocation\nfrom the datapath. This is annoying to users as OOMs are a fact\nof life, and we pretty much expect network Rx to hit page allocation\nfailures during OOM. Make page pool add GFP_NOWARN for ATOMIC allocations\nby default."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"3c4c2c96d00d112626736cc865b3c75aa8fb6de3","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"0ec2cd5c58793d0c622797cd5fbe26634b357210","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"9835a0fd59a1df5ec0740fdab6d50db68e0f10de","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"7613c06ffa89c1e2266fb532e23ef7dfdf269d73","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"3671a0775952026228ae44e096eb144bca75f8dc","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"ab48dc0e23eb714b3f233f8e8f6deed7df2051f5","versionType":"git"},{"version":"ff7d6b27f894f1469dc51ccb828b7363ccd9799f","status":"affected","lessThan":"f3b52167a0cb23b27414452fbc1278da2ee884fc","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/core/page_pool.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"4.18","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"4.18","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.273","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.197","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.159","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.117","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.58","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.8","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/core/page_pool.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c4c2c96d00d112626736cc865b3c75aa8fb6de3"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ec2cd5c58793d0c622797cd5fbe26634b357210"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9835a0fd59a1df5ec0740fdab6d50db68e0f10de"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7613c06ffa89c1e2266fb532e23ef7dfdf269d73"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3671a0775952026228ae44e096eb144bca75f8dc"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab48dc0e23eb714b3f233f8e8f6deed7df2051f5"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f3b52167a0cb23b27414452fbc1278da2ee884fc"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:N - Remote Ethernet traffic can reach RX NAPI buffer-refill paths in page-pool drivers such as bnxt and mlx4 before firewall or protocol authentication.\nAC:L - A sustained packet flood can drain recycled buffers and force atomic slow-path allocations under memory pressure; no race or attacker-independent timing condition is required.\nPR:N - The receive path processes packets before authentication and requires no capability, local account, or namespace access.\nUI:N - No victim action is required once the affected network interface is active.\nS:U - The vulnerability and its availability effects remain within the host kernel and its logging resources.\nC:N - The bug creates no out-of-bounds access, use-after-free, or attacker-accessible memory disclosure; diagnostics are not returned to the remote peer.\nI:N - Adding __GFP_NOWARN changes only diagnostic emission and does not alter memory contents, allocation results, or control flow.\nA:H - Sustained failures repeatedly invoke expensive stack and memory-state dumps, which can monopolize slow console or logging paths and exhaust log storage on constrained systems. Although globally rate-limited, the resulting persistent disruption can become severe in a reasonable network-appliance deployment."}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-10-30T12:23:12.656Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.273"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.197"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.159"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.117"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.58"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.17.8"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.18","versionEndExcluding":"6.18"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2025-68321","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-10-16T15:04:40.319034Z"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-10-16T15:09:42.847Z"}}]}}}