{"id":"CVE-2025-68261","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"ext4: add i_data_sem protection in ext4_destroy_inline_data_nolock()","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\next4: add i_data_sem protection in ext4_destroy_inline_data_nolock()\n\nFix a race between inline data destruction and block mapping.\n\nThe function ext4_destroy_inline_data_nolock() changes the inode data\nlayout by clearing EXT4_INODE_INLINE_DATA and setting EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS.\nAt the same time, another thread may execute ext4_map_blocks(), which\ntests EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS to decide whether to call ext4_ext_map_blocks()\nor ext4_ind_map_blocks().\n\nWithout i_data_sem protection, ext4_ind_map_blocks() may receive inode\nwith EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS flag and triggering assert.\n\nkernel BUG at fs/ext4/indirect.c:546!\nEXT4-fs (loop2): unmounting filesystem.\ninvalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:ext4_ind_map_blocks.cold+0x2b/0x5a fs/ext4/indirect.c:546\n\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n ext4_map_blocks+0xb9b/0x16f0 fs/ext4/inode.c:681\n _ext4_get_block+0x242/0x590 fs/ext4/inode.c:822\n ext4_block_write_begin+0x48b/0x12c0 fs/ext4/inode.c:1124\n ext4_write_begin+0x598/0xef0 fs/ext4/inode.c:1255\n ext4_da_write_begin+0x21e/0x9c0 fs/ext4/inode.c:3000\n generic_perform_write+0x259/0x5d0 mm/filemap.c:3846\n ext4_buffered_write_iter+0x15b/0x470 fs/ext4/file.c:285\n ext4_file_write_iter+0x8e0/0x17f0 fs/ext4/file.c:679\n call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2271 [inline]\n do_iter_readv_writev+0x212/0x3c0 fs/read_write.c:735\n do_iter_write+0x186/0x710 fs/read_write.c:861\n vfs_iter_write+0x70/0xa0 fs/read_write.c:902\n iter_file_splice_write+0x73b/0xc90 fs/splice.c:685\n do_splice_from fs/splice.c:763 [inline]\n direct_splice_actor+0x10f/0x170 fs/splice.c:950\n splice_direct_to_actor+0x33a/0xa10 fs/splice.c:896\n do_splice_direct+0x1a9/0x280 fs/splice.c:1002\n do_sendfile+0xb13/0x12c0 fs/read_write.c:1255\n __do_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1323 [inline]\n __se_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1309 [inline]\n __x64_sys_sendfile64+0x1cf/0x210 fs/read_write.c:1309\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0x35/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8","publishedAt":"2025-12-16T14:45:03.252Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-15T01:09:42.357Z","severity":{"score":7.5,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","source":"Linux"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"b322bac9f01d03190b5abc52be5d9dd9f22a2b41","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"61e03dc3794ebf77a706b85e5a36c9c6d70be6de","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"5b266cf6851ce72b11b067fe02adf5a8687104ad","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"144c48da33a01d92995aeccd8208eb47d2a8e659","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"22a76b0861ae61a299c8e126c1aca8c4fda820fd","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"ba8aeff294ac7ff6dfe293663d815c54c5ee218c","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"5cad18e527ba8a9ca5463cc170073eeb5a4826f4","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"0cd8feea8777f8d9b9a862b89c688b049a5c8475","versionType":"git"},{"version":"3e96c3fdcfccb321a9e1623f78cc71b44593e965","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"5781ac24bbd998ebb1ff30143bb06244d847af48","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"9b06cce3ca4d60d442c39bfa7c058b71b1cee6c2","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"da1e40237f8f3516581b534c484c236a79ccfd14","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7cf6b709b6412afd1d93b2c4b37163c3602e3b95","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"3.16.44","status":"affected","lessThan":"3.17","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"3.18.107","status":"affected","lessThan":"3.19","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.4.129","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.5","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.9.14","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.10","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.10.2","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.11","versionType":"semver"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["fs/ext4/inline.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"4.11","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"4.11","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.248","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.198","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.160","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.120","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.62","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.12","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18.1","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.19","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["fs/ext4/inline.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b322bac9f01d03190b5abc52be5d9dd9f22a2b41","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61e03dc3794ebf77a706b85e5a36c9c6d70be6de","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b266cf6851ce72b11b067fe02adf5a8687104ad","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/144c48da33a01d92995aeccd8208eb47d2a8e659","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/22a76b0861ae61a299c8e126c1aca8c4fda820fd","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ba8aeff294ac7ff6dfe293663d815c54c5ee218c","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5cad18e527ba8a9ca5463cc170073eeb5a4826f4","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0cd8feea8777f8d9b9a862b89c688b049a5c8475","https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html","https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html"],"weaknesses":[],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:09:56.034Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/68xxx/CVE-2025-68261.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-68261","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-12-16T14:45:03.252Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-15T01:09:42.357Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2025-12-16T13:41:40.267Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"ext4: add i_data_sem protection in ext4_destroy_inline_data_nolock()","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\next4: add i_data_sem protection in ext4_destroy_inline_data_nolock()\n\nFix a race between inline data destruction and block mapping.\n\nThe function ext4_destroy_inline_data_nolock() changes the inode data\nlayout by clearing EXT4_INODE_INLINE_DATA and setting EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS.\nAt the same time, another thread may execute ext4_map_blocks(), which\ntests EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS to decide whether to call ext4_ext_map_blocks()\nor ext4_ind_map_blocks().\n\nWithout i_data_sem protection, ext4_ind_map_blocks() may receive inode\nwith EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS flag and triggering assert.\n\nkernel BUG at fs/ext4/indirect.c:546!\nEXT4-fs (loop2): unmounting filesystem.\ninvalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:ext4_ind_map_blocks.cold+0x2b/0x5a fs/ext4/indirect.c:546\n\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n ext4_map_blocks+0xb9b/0x16f0 fs/ext4/inode.c:681\n _ext4_get_block+0x242/0x590 fs/ext4/inode.c:822\n ext4_block_write_begin+0x48b/0x12c0 fs/ext4/inode.c:1124\n ext4_write_begin+0x598/0xef0 fs/ext4/inode.c:1255\n ext4_da_write_begin+0x21e/0x9c0 fs/ext4/inode.c:3000\n generic_perform_write+0x259/0x5d0 mm/filemap.c:3846\n ext4_buffered_write_iter+0x15b/0x470 fs/ext4/file.c:285\n ext4_file_write_iter+0x8e0/0x17f0 fs/ext4/file.c:679\n call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2271 [inline]\n do_iter_readv_writev+0x212/0x3c0 fs/read_write.c:735\n do_iter_write+0x186/0x710 fs/read_write.c:861\n vfs_iter_write+0x70/0xa0 fs/read_write.c:902\n iter_file_splice_write+0x73b/0xc90 fs/splice.c:685\n do_splice_from fs/splice.c:763 [inline]\n direct_splice_actor+0x10f/0x170 fs/splice.c:950\n splice_direct_to_actor+0x33a/0xa10 fs/splice.c:896\n do_splice_direct+0x1a9/0x280 fs/splice.c:1002\n do_sendfile+0xb13/0x12c0 fs/read_write.c:1255\n __do_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1323 [inline]\n __se_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1309 [inline]\n __x64_sys_sendfile64+0x1cf/0x210 fs/read_write.c:1309\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0x35/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"b322bac9f01d03190b5abc52be5d9dd9f22a2b41","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"61e03dc3794ebf77a706b85e5a36c9c6d70be6de","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"5b266cf6851ce72b11b067fe02adf5a8687104ad","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"144c48da33a01d92995aeccd8208eb47d2a8e659","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"22a76b0861ae61a299c8e126c1aca8c4fda820fd","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"ba8aeff294ac7ff6dfe293663d815c54c5ee218c","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"5cad18e527ba8a9ca5463cc170073eeb5a4826f4","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c755e251357a0cee0679081f08c3f4ba797a8009","status":"affected","lessThan":"0cd8feea8777f8d9b9a862b89c688b049a5c8475","versionType":"git"},{"version":"3e96c3fdcfccb321a9e1623f78cc71b44593e965","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"5781ac24bbd998ebb1ff30143bb06244d847af48","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"9b06cce3ca4d60d442c39bfa7c058b71b1cee6c2","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"da1e40237f8f3516581b534c484c236a79ccfd14","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"7cf6b709b6412afd1d93b2c4b37163c3602e3b95","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"3.16.44","status":"affected","lessThan":"3.17","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"3.18.107","status":"affected","lessThan":"3.19","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.4.129","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.5","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.9.14","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.10","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.10.2","status":"affected","lessThan":"4.11","versionType":"semver"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["fs/ext4/inline.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"4.11","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"4.11","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.248","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.198","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.160","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.120","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.62","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.12","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18.1","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.19","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["fs/ext4/inline.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b322bac9f01d03190b5abc52be5d9dd9f22a2b41"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61e03dc3794ebf77a706b85e5a36c9c6d70be6de"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b266cf6851ce72b11b067fe02adf5a8687104ad"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/144c48da33a01d92995aeccd8208eb47d2a8e659"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/22a76b0861ae61a299c8e126c1aca8c4fda820fd"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ba8aeff294ac7ff6dfe293663d815c54c5ee218c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5cad18e527ba8a9ca5463cc170073eeb5a4826f4"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0cd8feea8777f8d9b9a862b89c688b049a5c8475"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:N - A remote client can reach the race through a ksmbd WRITE plus FLUSH/write-through request or an NFS WRITE plus COMMIT when an inline-data ext4 filesystem backs the exported share.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides by issuing concurrent writes and flushes or commits and can retry until the race succeeds; the inline-data filesystem feature is a deployment precondition rather than an uncontrollable race condition.\nPR:N - A guest-writable SMB share or anonymous writable NFS export permits the required file creation and write operations without authentication or prior privileges.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all required file operations directly, with no victim action needed after the filesystem and network share are available.\nS:U - The failure affects the host kernel and filesystem within their existing security authority and does not cross a virtualization, sandbox, or IOMMU boundary.\nC:N - The demonstrated failure is an assertion-triggered BUG with no information returned to the attacker, out-of-bounds read, use-after-free, or established disclosure primitive.\nI:N - The unconditional assertion occurs at the entry to ext4_ind_map_blocks() before that mapper modifies block mappings, and no arbitrary-write or memory-corruption primitive is established.\nA:H - The failed assertion executes BUG(), causing a kernel oops and potentially a full panic when panic-on-oops is enabled, allowing repeated denial of service."}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T12:10:33.475Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.248"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.198"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.160"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.120"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.62"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.17.12"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.1"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.11","versionEndExcluding":"6.19"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.16.44"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.18.107"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.4.129"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.9.14"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.10.2"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-06-16T16:25:03.765473Z","id":"CVE-2025-68261","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-06-16T16:25:14.265Z"}},{"affected":[{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP","defaultStatus":"unknown","versions":[{"version":"V3.1.6","status":"affected","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}]},{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP","defaultStatus":"unknown","versions":[{"version":"V3.1.7","status":"affected","lessThan":"*","versionType":"custom"}]},{"vendor":"Siemens","product":"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP 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