{"id":"CVE-2025-54464","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Cleartext Storage Vulnerability in ZKTeco WL20","description":"This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to storage of admin and user credentials without encryption in the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and reverse engineer the binary data to access the unencrypted credentials stored in the firmware of targeted device.","publishedAt":"2025-08-13T11:12:16.853Z","updatedAt":"2025-08-13T13:10:37.654Z","severity":{"score":7,"label":"High","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"CERT-In"},"assigner":"CERT-In","products":["ZKTeco Co WL20 Biometric Attendance System"],"affected":[{"vendor":"ZKTeco Co","product":"WL20 Biometric Attendance System","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"<=ZLM31-FXO1-3.1.8","status":"affected"}]}],"references":["https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01&VLCODE=CIVN-2025-0172","https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20"],"weaknesses":["CWE-312"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:09:31.862Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/54xxx/CVE-2025-54464.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.1","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-54464","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-08-13T11:12:16.853Z","dateUpdated":"2025-08-13T13:10:37.654Z","assignerShortName":"CERT-In","assignerOrgId":"66834db9-ab24-42b4-be80-296b2e40335c","dateReserved":"2025-07-22T08:56:34.298Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Cleartext Storage Vulnerability in ZKTeco WL20","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to storage of admin and user credentials without encryption in the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and reverse engineer the binary data to access the unencrypted credentials stored in the firmware of targeted device."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"ZKTeco Co","product":"WL20 Biometric Attendance System","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"<=ZLM31-FXO1-3.1.8","status":"affected"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.cert-in.org.in/s2cMainServlet?pageid=PUBVLNOTES01&VLCODE=CIVN-2025-0172","tags":["third-party-advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20","tags":["vendor-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"PHYSICAL","baseScore":7,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","vulnIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-312","description":"CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CERT-In","orgId":"66834db9-ab24-42b4-be80-296b2e40335c","dateUpdated":"2025-08-13T11:12:16.853Z"},"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"This vulnerability is reported by Shravan Singh from Kavach IoT Security."}],"impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-37","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-37 Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data"}]}],"solutions":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"Upgrade ZKTeco WL20 Biometric Attendance System firmware to version ZLM31-FXO1-4.0.3.<br><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20\">https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20</a><br><br>"}],"value":"Upgrade ZKTeco WL20 Biometric Attendance System firmware to version ZLM31-FXO1-4.0.3.\n https://www.zkteco.com/en/Security_Bulletinsibs/20"}],"source":{"discovery":"UNKNOWN"},"x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 0.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2025-08-13T13:10:32.056101Z","id":"CVE-2025-54464","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-08-13T13:10:37.654Z"}}]}}}