{"id":"CVE-2025-48710","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This ","description":"kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.","publishedAt":"2025-06-04T05:50:48.639Z","updatedAt":"2025-06-04T13:23:37.851Z","severity":{"score":4.1,"label":"Medium","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N","source":"mitre"},"assigner":"mitre","products":["kro.run kro"],"affected":[{"vendor":"kro.run","product":"kro","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0.1.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"0.2.1","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":["https://github.com/kro-run/kro/compare/v0.2.1...v0.2.2","https://orca.security/resources/blog/kubernetes-crd-abstraction-risks-kro/"],"weaknesses":["CWE-441"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:09:23.771Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/48xxx/CVE-2025-48710.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.1","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-48710","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-06-04T05:50:48.639Z","dateUpdated":"2025-06-04T13:23:37.851Z","assignerShortName":"mitre","assignerOrgId":"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca","dateReserved":"2025-05-23T04:16:39.433Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"kro.run","product":"kro","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0.1.0","status":"affected","lessThan":"0.2.1","versionType":"semver"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/kro-run/kro/compare/v0.2.1...v0.2.2"},{"url":"https://orca.security/resources/blog/kubernetes-crd-abstraction-risks-kro/"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":4.1,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"HIGH","scope":"CHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-441","description":"CWE-441: Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"mitre","orgId":"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca","dateUpdated":"2025-06-04T05:59:01.144Z"},"x_generator":{"engine":"CVE-Request-form 0.0.1"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2025-06-04T13:23:25.727210Z","id":"CVE-2025-48710","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-06-04T13:23:37.851Z"}}]}}}