{"id":"CVE-2025-4412","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"TCC Bypass via Dylib Loading in Viscosity.app","description":"On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitlements such as access to the camera or microphone. Only user-granted permissions for file resources apply. Access to other resources beyond granted-permissions requires user interaction with a system prompt asking for permission.\n\nThis issue was fixed in version 1.11.5 of Viscosity.","publishedAt":"2025-05-27T10:09:14.055Z","updatedAt":"2025-06-06T07:16:17.650Z","severity":{"score":4.8,"label":"Medium","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"CERT-PL"},"assigner":"CERT-PL","products":["SparkLabs Viscosity"],"affected":[{"vendor":"SparkLabs","product":"Viscosity","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThanOrEqual":"1.11.4","versionType":"semver"}],"platforms":["MacOS"]}],"references":["https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/05/tcc-bypass/","https://www.sparklabs.com/viscosity/"],"weaknesses":["CWE-276"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:09:23.771Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/4xxx/CVE-2025-4412.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.1","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-4412","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-05-27T10:09:14.055Z","dateUpdated":"2025-06-06T07:16:17.650Z","assignerShortName":"CERT-PL","assignerOrgId":"4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6","dateReserved":"2025-05-07T10:11:05.905Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"TCC Bypass via Dylib Loading in Viscosity.app","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"On macOS systems, by utilizing a Launch Agent and loading the viscosity_openvpn process from the application bundle, it is possible to load a dynamic library with Viscosity's TCC (Transparency, Consent, and Control) identity. The acquired resource access is limited without entitlements such as access to the camera or microphone. Only user-granted permissions for file resources apply. Access to other resources beyond granted-permissions requires user interaction with a system prompt asking for permission.\n\nThis issue was fixed in version 1.11.5 of Viscosity."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"SparkLabs","product":"Viscosity","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThanOrEqual":"1.11.4","versionType":"semver"}],"platforms":["MacOS"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/05/tcc-bypass/","tags":["third-party-advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.sparklabs.com/viscosity/","tags":["product"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"LOCAL","baseScore":4.8,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","privilegesRequired":"LOW","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"LOW","vulnIntegrityImpact":"LOW","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-276","description":"CWE-276 Incorrect Default Permissions","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CERT-PL","orgId":"4bb8329e-dd38-46c1-aafb-9bf32bcb93c6","dateUpdated":"2025-06-06T07:16:17.650Z"},"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Karol Mazurek - Afine Team"}],"datePublic":"2025-05-27T09:55:00.000Z","impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-122","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-122 Privilege Abuse"}]}],"source":{"discovery":"EXTERNAL"},"x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 0.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2025-05-27T13:06:00.721990Z","id":"CVE-2025-4412","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-05-27T13:06:51.623Z"}}]}}}