{"id":"CVE-2025-41253","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Spring Cloud Gateway Webflux SpEL Injection Vulnerability Allowing Exposure of Environment Variables","description":"The following versions of Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to the ability to expose environment variables and system properties to attackers.\n\nAn application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true:\n\n  *  The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebMVC is not vulnerable).\n  *  An admin or untrusted third party using Spring Expression Language (SpEL) to access environment variables or system properties via routes.\n  *  An untrusted third party could create a route that uses SpEL to access environment variables or system properties if:  *  The Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway and management.endpoint.gateway.enabled=trueor management.endpoint.gateway.access=unrestricte.\n  *  The actuator endpoints are available to attackers.\n  *  The actuator endpoints are unsecured.","publishedAt":"2025-10-16T14:25:21.356Z","updatedAt":"2025-10-16T15:06:51.091Z","severity":{"score":7.5,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","source":"vmware"},"assigner":"vmware","products":["VMware Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"VMware","product":"Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"3.1.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.0.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.1.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.2.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.3.x","status":"affected"}]}],"references":["https://spring.io/security/cve/2025-41253","https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?vector=AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N&version=3.1"],"weaknesses":["CWE-917"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:09:09.358Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/41xxx/CVE-2025-41253.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.1","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-41253","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-10-16T14:25:21.356Z","dateUpdated":"2025-10-16T15:06:51.091Z","assignerShortName":"vmware","assignerOrgId":"dcf2e128-44bd-42ed-91e8-88f912c1401d","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T09:30:25.626Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Spring Cloud Gateway Webflux SpEL Injection Vulnerability Allowing Exposure of Environment Variables","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"The following versions of Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to the ability to expose environment variables and system properties to attackers.\n\nAn application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true:\n\n  *  The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebMVC is not vulnerable).\n  *  An admin or untrusted third party using Spring Expression Language (SpEL) to access environment variables or system properties via routes.\n  *  An untrusted third party could create a route that uses SpEL to access environment variables or system properties if:  *  The Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway and management.endpoint.gateway.enabled=trueor management.endpoint.gateway.access=unrestricte.\n  *  The actuator endpoints are available to attackers.\n  *  The actuator endpoints are unsecured."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"VMware","product":"Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"3.1.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.0.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.1.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.2.x","status":"affected"},{"version":"4.3.x","status":"affected"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://spring.io/security/cve/2025-41253","name":"Official Advisory"},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?vector=AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N&version=3.1","name":"CVSS Calculator"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-917","description":"CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement ('Expression Language Injection')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"vmware","orgId":"dcf2e128-44bd-42ed-91e8-88f912c1401d","dateUpdated":"2025-10-16T14:25:21.356Z"},"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"This issue was responsibly reported by psytester."}],"solutions":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"<p>Users of affected versions should upgrade to fixed releases: 4.3.2 (OSS), 4.2.6 (OSS), 4.1.12 (Commercial), and 3.1.12 (Commercial). Alternatively, remove 'gateway' from management.endpoints.web.exposure.include or secure the actuator endpoints.</p>"}],"value":"Users of affected versions should upgrade to fixed releases: 4.3.2 (OSS), 4.2.6 (OSS), 4.1.12 (Commercial), and 3.1.12 (Commercial). Alternatively, remove 'gateway' from management.endpoints.web.exposure.include or secure the actuator endpoints."}],"source":{"discovery":"UNKNOWN"},"timeline":[{"lang":"en","time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00.000Z","value":"Initial vulnerability report published"}],"x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 0.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2025-10-16T15:05:36.057326Z","id":"CVE-2025-41253","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-10-16T15:06:51.091Z"}}]}}}