{"id":"CVE-2025-40281","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"sctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto\n\nsyzbot reported a possible shift-out-of-bounds [1]\n\nBlamed commit added rto_alpha_max and rto_beta_max set to 1000.\n\nIt is unclear if some sctp users are setting very large rto_alpha\nand/or rto_beta.\n\nIn order to prevent user regression, perform the test at run time.\n\nAlso add READ_ONCE() annotations as sysctl values can change under us.\n\n[1]\n\nUBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in net/sctp/transport.c:509:41\nshift exponent 64 is too large for 32-bit type 'unsigned int'\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16704 Comm: syz.2.2320 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n  ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:233 [inline]\n  __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x27f/0x420 lib/ubsan.c:494\n  sctp_transport_update_rto.cold+0x1c/0x34b net/sctp/transport.c:509\n  sctp_check_transmitted+0x11c4/0x1c30 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1502\n  sctp_outq_sack+0x4ef/0x1b20 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1338\n  sctp_cmd_process_sack net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:840 [inline]\n  sctp_cmd_interpreter net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:1372 [inline]","publishedAt":"2025-12-06T21:51:05.208Z","updatedAt":"2026-06-16T19:35:40.210Z","severity":null,"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"0e0413e3315199b23ff4aec295e256034cd0a6e4","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"834e65be429c0fa4f9bb5945064bd57f18ed2187","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"abb086b9a95d0ed3b757ee59964ba3c4e4b2fc1a","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"d0d858652834dcf531342c82a0428170aa7c2675","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"ed71f801249d2350c77a73dca2c03918a15a62fe","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"1cfa4eac275cc4875755c1303d48a4ddfe507ca8","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"aaba523dd7b6106526c24b1fd9b5fc35e5aaa88d","versionType":"git"},{"version":"b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b","status":"affected","lessThan":"1534ff77757e44bcc4b98d0196bc5c0052fce5fa","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/sctp/transport.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"3.16","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"3.16","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.4.302","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.4.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.247","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.197","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.159","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.117","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.59","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.17.9","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.18","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/sctp/transport.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e0413e3315199b23ff4aec295e256034cd0a6e4","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/834e65be429c0fa4f9bb5945064bd57f18ed2187","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/abb086b9a95d0ed3b757ee59964ba3c4e4b2fc1a","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0d858652834dcf531342c82a0428170aa7c2675","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed71f801249d2350c77a73dca2c03918a15a62fe","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1cfa4eac275cc4875755c1303d48a4ddfe507ca8","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aaba523dd7b6106526c24b1fd9b5fc35e5aaa88d","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1534ff77757e44bcc4b98d0196bc5c0052fce5fa","https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html"],"weaknesses":[],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:09:09.358Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/40xxx/CVE-2025-40281.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-40281","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-12-06T21:51:05.208Z","dateUpdated":"2026-06-16T19:35:40.210Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:20:57.184Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"sctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto\n\nsyzbot reported a possible shift-out-of-bounds [1]\n\nBlamed commit added rto_alpha_max and rto_beta_max set to 1000.\n\nIt is unclear if some sctp users are setting very large rto_alpha\nand/or rto_beta.\n\nIn order to prevent user regression, perform the test at run time.\n\nAlso add READ_ONCE() annotations as sysctl values can change under us.\n\n[1]\n\nUBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in net/sctp/transport.c:509:41\nshift exponent 64 is too large for 32-bit type 'unsigned int'\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16704 Comm: syz.2.2320 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full)\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n  ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:233 [inline]\n  __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x27f/0x420 lib/ubsan.c:494\n  sctp_transport_update_rto.cold+0x1c/0x34b net/sctp/transport.c:509\n  sctp_check_transmitted+0x11c4/0x1c30 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1502\n  sctp_outq_sack+0x4ef/0x1b20 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1338\n  sctp_cmd_process_sack net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:840 [inline]\n  sctp_cmd_interpreter net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:1372 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