{"id":"CVE-2025-38372","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"RDMA/mlx5: Fix unsafe xarray access in implicit ODP handling","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRDMA/mlx5: Fix unsafe xarray access in implicit ODP handling\n\n__xa_store() and __xa_erase() were used without holding the proper lock,\nwhich led to a lockdep warning due to unsafe RCU usage.  This patch\nreplaces them with xa_store() and xa_erase(), which perform the necessary\nlocking internally.\n\n  =============================\n  WARNING: suspicious RCPU usage\n  6.14.0-rc7_for_upstream_debug_2025_03_18_15_01 #1 Not tainted\n  -----------------------------\n  ./include/linux/xarray.h:1211 suspicious rcu_dereference_protected() usage!\n\n  other info that might help us debug this:\n\n  rcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\n  3 locks held by kworker/u136:0/219:\n      at: process_one_work+0xbe4/0x15f0\n      process_one_work+0x75c/0x15f0\n      pagefault_mr+0x9a5/0x1390 [mlx5_ib]\n\n  stack backtrace:\n  CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 219 Comm: kworker/u136:0 Not tainted\n  6.14.0-rc7_for_upstream_debug_2025_03_18_15_01 #1\n  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS\n  rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n  Workqueue: mlx5_ib_page_fault mlx5_ib_eqe_pf_action [mlx5_ib]\n  Call Trace:\n   dump_stack_lvl+0xa8/0xc0\n   lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x1e6/0x260\n   xas_create+0xb8a/0xee0\n   xas_store+0x73/0x14c0\n   __xa_store+0x13c/0x220\n   ? xa_store_range+0x390/0x390\n   ? spin_bug+0x1d0/0x1d0\n   pagefault_mr+0xcb5/0x1390 [mlx5_ib]\n   ? _raw_spin_unlock+0x1f/0x30\n   mlx5_ib_eqe_pf_action+0x3be/0x2620 [mlx5_ib]\n   ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x400/0x400\n   ? mlx5_ib_invalidate_range+0xcb0/0xcb0 [mlx5_ib]\n   process_one_work+0x7db/0x15f0\n   ? pwq_dec_nr_in_flight+0xda0/0xda0\n   ? assign_work+0x168/0x240\n   worker_thread+0x57d/0xcd0\n   ? rescuer_thread+0xc40/0xc40\n   kthread+0x3b3/0x800\n   ? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0\n   ? lock_downgrade+0x680/0x680\n   ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x12d/0x270\n   ? spin_bug+0x1d0/0x1d0\n   ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x284/0x9e0\n   ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x284/0x400\n   ? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0\n   ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x70\n   ? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0\n   ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20","publishedAt":"2025-07-25T12:53:15.255Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-30T12:21:56.613Z","severity":{"score":7.8,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"Linux"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"7cc8f681f6d4ae4478ae0f60485fc768f2b450da","status":"affected","lessThan":"9d2ef890e49963b768d4fe5a33029aacd9f6b93f","versionType":"git"},{"version":"d3d930411ce390e532470194296658a960887773","status":"affected","lessThan":"ebebffb47c78f63ba7e4fbde393e44af38b7625d","versionType":"git"},{"version":"d3d930411ce390e532470194296658a960887773","status":"affected","lessThan":"2c6b640ea08bff1a192bf87fa45246ff1e40767c","versionType":"git"},{"version":"032f3f799fdb807a21467b7dc7d620395a735e2b","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"a306dfff6b76aafa264ad33874a8992a8d5858b7","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"edfb65dbb9ffd3102f3ff4dd21316158e56f1976","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"6.12.13","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.12.37","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.191","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.2","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.160","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.7","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.2","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.14","versionType":"semver"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/odp.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"6.14","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"6.14","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.37","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.15.6","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.16","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/odp.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d2ef890e49963b768d4fe5a33029aacd9f6b93f","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ebebffb47c78f63ba7e4fbde393e44af38b7625d","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c6b640ea08bff1a192bf87fa45246ff1e40767c"],"weaknesses":[],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-30T12:38:04.623Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/38xxx/CVE-2025-38372.json","commit":"db8103c5921aac81d5d90efcf3745980dafabf49","baselineCommit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-38372","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-07-25T12:53:15.255Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-30T12:21:56.613Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T04:51:24.009Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"RDMA/mlx5: Fix unsafe xarray access in implicit ODP handling","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRDMA/mlx5: Fix unsafe xarray access in implicit ODP handling\n\n__xa_store() and __xa_erase() were used without holding the proper lock,\nwhich led to a lockdep warning due to unsafe RCU usage.  This patch\nreplaces them with xa_store() and xa_erase(), which perform the necessary\nlocking internally.\n\n  =============================\n  WARNING: suspicious RCPU usage\n  6.14.0-rc7_for_upstream_debug_2025_03_18_15_01 #1 Not tainted\n  -----------------------------\n  ./include/linux/xarray.h:1211 suspicious rcu_dereference_protected() usage!\n\n  other info that might help us debug this:\n\n  rcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\n  3 locks held by kworker/u136:0/219:\n      at: process_one_work+0xbe4/0x15f0\n      process_one_work+0x75c/0x15f0\n      pagefault_mr+0x9a5/0x1390 [mlx5_ib]\n\n  stack backtrace:\n  CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 219 Comm: kworker/u136:0 Not tainted\n  6.14.0-rc7_for_upstream_debug_2025_03_18_15_01 #1\n  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS\n  rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n  Workqueue: mlx5_ib_page_fault mlx5_ib_eqe_pf_action [mlx5_ib]\n  Call Trace:\n   dump_stack_lvl+0xa8/0xc0\n   lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x1e6/0x260\n   xas_create+0xb8a/0xee0\n   xas_store+0x73/0x14c0\n   __xa_store+0x13c/0x220\n   ? xa_store_range+0x390/0x390\n   ? spin_bug+0x1d0/0x1d0\n   pagefault_mr+0xcb5/0x1390 [mlx5_ib]\n   ? _raw_spin_unlock+0x1f/0x30\n   mlx5_ib_eqe_pf_action+0x3be/0x2620 [mlx5_ib]\n   ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x400/0x400\n   ? mlx5_ib_invalidate_range+0xcb0/0xcb0 [mlx5_ib]\n   process_one_work+0x7db/0x15f0\n   ? pwq_dec_nr_in_flight+0xda0/0xda0\n   ? assign_work+0x168/0x240\n   worker_thread+0x57d/0xcd0\n   ? rescuer_thread+0xc40/0xc40\n   kthread+0x3b3/0x800\n   ? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0\n   ? lock_downgrade+0x680/0x680\n   ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x12d/0x270\n   ? spin_bug+0x1d0/0x1d0\n   ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x284/0x9e0\n   ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x284/0x400\n   ? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0\n   ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x70\n   ? kthread_is_per_cpu+0xb0/0xb0\n   ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"7cc8f681f6d4ae4478ae0f60485fc768f2b450da","status":"affected","lessThan":"9d2ef890e49963b768d4fe5a33029aacd9f6b93f","versionType":"git"},{"version":"d3d930411ce390e532470194296658a960887773","status":"affected","lessThan":"ebebffb47c78f63ba7e4fbde393e44af38b7625d","versionType":"git"},{"version":"d3d930411ce390e532470194296658a960887773","status":"affected","lessThan":"2c6b640ea08bff1a192bf87fa45246ff1e40767c","versionType":"git"},{"version":"032f3f799fdb807a21467b7dc7d620395a735e2b","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"a306dfff6b76aafa264ad33874a8992a8d5858b7","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"edfb65dbb9ffd3102f3ff4dd21316158e56f1976","status":"affected","versionType":"git"},{"version":"6.12.13","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.12.37","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.191","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.2","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.160","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.7","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.2","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.14","versionType":"semver"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/odp.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"6.14","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"6.14","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.37","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.15.6","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.16","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/odp.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d2ef890e49963b768d4fe5a33029aacd9f6b93f"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ebebffb47c78f63ba7e4fbde393e44af38b7625d"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c6b640ea08bff1a192bf87fa45246ff1e40767c"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached from local userspace through the RDMA verbs character device `/dev/infiniband/uverbsN` (implicit ODP MR registration plus the `UVERBS_METHOD_ADVISE_MR` prefetch ioctl), which drives `pagefault_mr()` → `pagefault_implicit_mr()` → `implicit_get_child_mr()`. While a connected RDMA peer can also drive the same path via hardware page-fault events, the reliable and fully attacker-controlled trigger requires local access to the verbs device.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: two threads each registering their own implicit ODP MR obtain distinct `imr->implicit_children` locks, so their concurrent unlocked `__xa_store()`/`__xa_erase()` operations on the shared device-wide `dev->odp_mkeys` xarray collide with no common serialization, and they additionally race the properly-locked `find_odp_mkey()`/`xa_erase()` users at will.\nPR:L - No capability check exists anywhere on the path — `mlx5_ib_advise_mr()` and `mlx5_ib_reg_user_mr()` require only an open uverbs FD and a PD handle, and distro rdma-core udev rules expose `/dev/infiniband/uverbs*` world-accessible so unprivileged applications (MPI, GPUDirect) can use RDMA. A plain unprivileged local user therefore suffices.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all steps itself — registering implicit ODP MRs and issuing concurrent prefetch/page-fault operations — with no action required from any other user or victim process.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory managed by the mlx5_ib driver within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - Unsynchronized xarray mutation corrupts the radix-tree structure and leaks stale `struct mlx5_ib_mkey` pointers, which `find_odp_mkey()`/`get_prefetchable_mr()` later dereference and hand to `pagefault_mr()` on freed memory, yielding a use-after-free read primitive over attacker-groomable heap contents.\nI:H - A lost `xa_erase()` defeats the `mlx5r_deref_wait_odp_mkey()` guard in `__mlx5_ib_dereg_mr()`, so freed MR objects are still written through (`refcount_inc(&mmkey->usecount)`, XLT updates), and racing `xas_store()`/`xas_create()` can write into concurrently freed `xa_node` memory — both give attacker-influenced write primitives suitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The race produces radix-tree corruption, double-free/use-after-free of xarray nodes and MR objects, and the `WARN_ON(!xa_empty(&dev->odp_mkeys))` at device teardown — any of which oops or panic the kernel, and the attacker can repeat the trigger indefinitely."}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-10-30T12:21:56.613Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.12.13","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.37"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.15.6"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.14","versionEndExcluding":"6.16"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.1.191"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.6.160"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.13.2"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2025-38372","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-10-15T21:49:46.422571Z"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-10-15T21:52:14.706Z"}}]}}}