{"id":"CVE-2025-32060","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Absence of Kernel Module Signature Verification on Linux System of Infotainment ECU","description":"The system suffers from the absence of a kernel module signature verification. If an attacker can execute commands on behalf of root user (due to additional vulnerabilities), then he/she is also able to load custom kernel modules to the kernel space and execute code in the kernel context. Such a flaw can lead to taking control over the entire system.\n\n\n\nFirst identified on Nissan Leaf ZE1 manufactured in 2020.","publishedAt":"2026-02-15T10:46:23.570Z","updatedAt":"2026-02-17T20:07:40.053Z","severity":{"score":6.7,"label":"Medium","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"ASRG"},"assigner":"ASRG","products":["Bosch Infotainment system ECU"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Bosch","product":"Infotainment system ECU","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"283C30861E","status":"affected"}],"platforms":["Linux"]}],"references":["https://www.nissan.co.uk/vehicles/new-vehicles/leaf.html","http://i.blackhat.com/Asia-25/Asia-25-Evdokimov-Remote-Exploitation-of-Nissan-Leaf.pdf","https://pcacybersecurity.com/resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-nissan-infotainment-manufactured-by-bosch"],"weaknesses":["CWE-347"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:08:55.257Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/32xxx/CVE-2025-32060.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-32060","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2026-02-15T10:46:23.570Z","dateUpdated":"2026-02-17T20:07:40.053Z","assignerShortName":"ASRG","assignerOrgId":"c15abc07-96a9-4d11-a503-5d621bfe42ba","dateReserved":"2025-04-03T15:32:43.282Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Absence of Kernel Module Signature Verification on Linux System of Infotainment ECU","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"The system suffers from the absence of a kernel module signature verification. If an attacker can execute commands on behalf of root user (due to additional vulnerabilities), then he/she is also able to load custom kernel modules to the kernel space and execute code in the kernel context. Such a flaw can lead to taking control over the entire system.\n\n\n\nFirst identified on Nissan Leaf ZE1 manufactured in 2020."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Bosch","product":"Infotainment system ECU","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"283C30861E","status":"affected"}],"platforms":["Linux"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.nissan.co.uk/vehicles/new-vehicles/leaf.html","tags":["product"]},{"url":"http://i.blackhat.com/Asia-25/Asia-25-Evdokimov-Remote-Exploitation-of-Nissan-Leaf.pdf","tags":["media-coverage"]},{"url":"https://pcacybersecurity.com/resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-nissan-infotainment-manufactured-by-bosch","tags":["third-party-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"LOCAL","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":6.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"HIGH","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-347","description":"CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"ASRG","orgId":"c15abc07-96a9-4d11-a503-5d621bfe42ba","dateUpdated":"2026-02-15T10:46:23.570Z"},"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Mikhail Evdokimov (PCA Cyber Security Assessment Team)"}],"impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-115","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"}]}],"source":{"discovery":"UNKNOWN"},"x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 0.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2026-02-17T20:07:32.768943Z","id":"CVE-2025-32060","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2026-02-17T20:07:40.053Z"}}]}}}