{"id":"CVE-2025-21943","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"gpio: aggregator: protect driver attr handlers against module unload","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngpio: aggregator: protect driver attr handlers against module unload\n\nBoth new_device_store and delete_device_store touch module global\nresources (e.g. gpio_aggregator_lock). To prevent race conditions with\nmodule unload, a reference needs to be held.\n\nAdd try_module_get() in these handlers.\n\nFor new_device_store, this eliminates what appears to be the most dangerous\nscenario: if an id is allocated from gpio_aggregator_idr but\nplatform_device_register has not yet been called or completed, a concurrent\nmodule unload could fail to unregister/delete the device, leaving behind a\ndangling platform device/GPIO forwarder. This can result in various issues.\nThe following simple reproducer demonstrates these problems:\n\n  #!/bin/bash\n  while :; do\n    # note: whether 'gpiochip0 0' exists or not does not matter.\n    echo 'gpiochip0 0' > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/gpio-aggregator/new_device\n  done &\n  while :; do\n    modprobe gpio-aggregator\n    modprobe -r gpio-aggregator\n  done &\n  wait\n\n  Starting with the following warning, several kinds of warnings will appear\n  and the system may become unstable:\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  list_del corruption, ffff888103e2e980->next is LIST_POISON1 (dead000000000100)\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1327 at lib/list_debug.c:56 __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n  [...]\n  RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n  [...]\n  Call Trace:\n   <TASK>\n   ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n   ? __warn.cold+0x93/0xf2\n   ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n   ? report_bug+0xe6/0x170\n   ? __irq_work_queue_local+0x39/0xe0\n   ? handle_bug+0x58/0x90\n   ? exc_invalid_op+0x13/0x60\n   ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20\n   ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n   gpiod_remove_lookup_table+0x22/0x60\n   new_device_store+0x315/0x350 [gpio_aggregator]\n   kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x137/0x1f0\n   vfs_write+0x262/0x430\n   ksys_write+0x60/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0x6c/0x180\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n   [...]\n   </TASK>\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---","publishedAt":"2025-04-01T15:41:07.463Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-11T21:09:32.538Z","severity":{"score":4.7,"label":"Medium","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","source":"CISA-ADP"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"fd6aa1f8cbe0979eb66ac32ebc231bf0b10a2117","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"807789018186cf508ceb3a1f8f02935cd195717b","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"9334c88fc2fbc6836b307d269fcc1744c69701c0","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"d99dc8f7ea01ee1b21306e0eda8eb18a4af80db6","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"8fb07fb1bba91d45846ed8605c3097fe67a7d54c","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"56281a76b805b5ac61feb5d580139695a22f87f0","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"12f65d1203507f7db3ba59930fe29a3b8eee9945","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/gpio/gpio-aggregator.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"5.8","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"5.8","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.235","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.179","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.131","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.83","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.19","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.7","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.13.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.14","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/gpio/gpio-aggregator.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd6aa1f8cbe0979eb66ac32ebc231bf0b10a2117","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/807789018186cf508ceb3a1f8f02935cd195717b","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9334c88fc2fbc6836b307d269fcc1744c69701c0","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d99dc8f7ea01ee1b21306e0eda8eb18a4af80db6","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fb07fb1bba91d45846ed8605c3097fe67a7d54c","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/56281a76b805b5ac61feb5d580139695a22f87f0","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12f65d1203507f7db3ba59930fe29a3b8eee9945","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html","https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"],"weaknesses":["CWE-362"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:08:39.238Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/21xxx/CVE-2025-21943.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-21943","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-04-01T15:41:07.463Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T21:09:32.538Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2024-12-29T08:45:45.789Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"gpio: aggregator: protect driver attr handlers against module unload","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngpio: aggregator: protect driver attr handlers against module unload\n\nBoth new_device_store and delete_device_store touch module global\nresources (e.g. gpio_aggregator_lock). To prevent race conditions with\nmodule unload, a reference needs to be held.\n\nAdd try_module_get() in these handlers.\n\nFor new_device_store, this eliminates what appears to be the most dangerous\nscenario: if an id is allocated from gpio_aggregator_idr but\nplatform_device_register has not yet been called or completed, a concurrent\nmodule unload could fail to unregister/delete the device, leaving behind a\ndangling platform device/GPIO forwarder. This can result in various issues.\nThe following simple reproducer demonstrates these problems:\n\n  #!/bin/bash\n  while :; do\n    # note: whether 'gpiochip0 0' exists or not does not matter.\n    echo 'gpiochip0 0' > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/gpio-aggregator/new_device\n  done &\n  while :; do\n    modprobe gpio-aggregator\n    modprobe -r gpio-aggregator\n  done &\n  wait\n\n  Starting with the following warning, several kinds of warnings will appear\n  and the system may become unstable:\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  list_del corruption, ffff888103e2e980->next is LIST_POISON1 (dead000000000100)\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1327 at lib/list_debug.c:56 __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n  [...]\n  RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n  [...]\n  Call Trace:\n   <TASK>\n   ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n   ? __warn.cold+0x93/0xf2\n   ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n   ? report_bug+0xe6/0x170\n   ? __irq_work_queue_local+0x39/0xe0\n   ? handle_bug+0x58/0x90\n   ? exc_invalid_op+0x13/0x60\n   ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20\n   ? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120\n   gpiod_remove_lookup_table+0x22/0x60\n   new_device_store+0x315/0x350 [gpio_aggregator]\n   kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x137/0x1f0\n   vfs_write+0x262/0x430\n   ksys_write+0x60/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0x6c/0x180\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n   [...]\n   </TASK>\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"fd6aa1f8cbe0979eb66ac32ebc231bf0b10a2117","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"807789018186cf508ceb3a1f8f02935cd195717b","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"9334c88fc2fbc6836b307d269fcc1744c69701c0","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"d99dc8f7ea01ee1b21306e0eda8eb18a4af80db6","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"8fb07fb1bba91d45846ed8605c3097fe67a7d54c","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"56281a76b805b5ac61feb5d580139695a22f87f0","versionType":"git"},{"version":"828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382","status":"affected","lessThan":"12f65d1203507f7db3ba59930fe29a3b8eee9945","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/gpio/gpio-aggregator.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"5.8","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"5.8","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.235","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.179","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.131","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.83","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.19","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.7","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.13.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.14","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/gpio/gpio-aggregator.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd6aa1f8cbe0979eb66ac32ebc231bf0b10a2117"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/807789018186cf508ceb3a1f8f02935cd195717b"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9334c88fc2fbc6836b307d269fcc1744c69701c0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d99dc8f7ea01ee1b21306e0eda8eb18a4af80db6"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fb07fb1bba91d45846ed8605c3097fe67a7d54c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/56281a76b805b5ac61feb5d580139695a22f87f0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12f65d1203507f7db3ba59930fe29a3b8eee9945"}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T21:09:32.538Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.235"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.179"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.131"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.83"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.19"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.13.7"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.14"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"scope":"UNCHANGED","version":"3.1","baseScore":4.7,"attackVector":"LOCAL","baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","integrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","attackComplexity":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","confidentialityImpact":"NONE"}},{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2025-10-01T17:17:38.478936Z","id":"CVE-2025-21943","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-362","type":"CWE","lang":"en","description":"CWE-362 Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-10-01T17:17:41.198Z"}},{"title":"CVE Program Container","references":[{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CVE","orgId":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","dateUpdated":"2025-11-03T19:39:43.188Z"}}]}}}