{"id":"CVE-2025-21856","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"s390/ism: add release function for struct device","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/ism: add release function for struct device\n\nAccording to device_release() in /drivers/base/core.c,\na device without a release function is a broken device\nand must be fixed.\n\nThe current code directly frees the device after calling device_add()\nwithout waiting for other kernel parts to release their references.\nThus, a reference could still be held to a struct device,\ne.g., by sysfs, leading to potential use-after-free\nissues if a proper release function is not set.","publishedAt":"2025-03-12T09:42:09.929Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-11T21:07:49.863Z","severity":{"score":7.8,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"CISA-ADP"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"940d15254d2216b585558bcf36312da50074e711","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"0505ff2936f166405d81d0d454a81d9c14124344","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"e26e8ac27351f457091459a0a355bacd06d5bb2b","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"915e34d5ad35a6a9e56113f852ade4a730fb88f0","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/s390/net/ism_drv.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"6.3","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"6.3","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.80","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.17","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.5","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.13.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.14","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/s390/net/ism_drv.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/940d15254d2216b585558bcf36312da50074e711","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0505ff2936f166405d81d0d454a81d9c14124344","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e26e8ac27351f457091459a0a355bacd06d5bb2b","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/915e34d5ad35a6a9e56113f852ade4a730fb88f0"],"weaknesses":["CWE-416"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:08:39.238Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2025/21xxx/CVE-2025-21856.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2025-21856","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-03-12T09:42:09.929Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T21:07:49.863Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2024-12-29T08:45:45.780Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"s390/ism: add release function for struct device","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/ism: add release function for struct device\n\nAccording to device_release() in /drivers/base/core.c,\na device without a release function is a broken device\nand must be fixed.\n\nThe current code directly frees the device after calling device_add()\nwithout waiting for other kernel parts to release their references.\nThus, a reference could still be held to a struct device,\ne.g., by sysfs, leading to potential use-after-free\nissues if a proper release function is not set."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"940d15254d2216b585558bcf36312da50074e711","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"0505ff2936f166405d81d0d454a81d9c14124344","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"e26e8ac27351f457091459a0a355bacd06d5bb2b","versionType":"git"},{"version":"8c81ba20349daf9f7e58bb05a0c12f4b71813a30","status":"affected","lessThan":"915e34d5ad35a6a9e56113f852ade4a730fb88f0","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/s390/net/ism_drv.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"6.3","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"6.3","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6.80","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.12.17","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.13.5","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.13.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.14","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["drivers/s390/net/ism_drv.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/940d15254d2216b585558bcf36312da50074e711"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0505ff2936f166405d81d0d454a81d9c14124344"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e26e8ac27351f457091459a0a355bacd06d5bb2b"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/915e34d5ad35a6a9e56113f852ade4a730fb88f0"}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T21:07:49.863Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.3","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.80"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.3","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.17"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.3","versionEndExcluding":"6.13.5"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.3","versionEndExcluding":"6.14"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"scope":"UNCHANGED","version":"3.1","baseScore":7.8,"attackVector":"LOCAL","baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","integrityImpact":"HIGH","userInteraction":"NONE","attackComplexity":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH"}},{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2025-21856","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2025-10-01T19:25:59.490091Z"}}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-416","lang":"en","type":"CWE","description":"CWE-416 Use After Free"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-10-01T19:26:38.355Z"}}]}}}