{"id":"CVE-2024-41149","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"block: avoid to reuse `hctx` not removed from cpuhp callback list","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nblock: avoid to reuse `hctx` not removed from cpuhp callback list\n\nIf the 'hctx' isn't removed from cpuhp callback list, we can't reuse it,\notherwise use-after-free may be triggered.","publishedAt":"2025-01-11T12:35:33.428Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-05T11:35:22.867Z","severity":{"score":7.8,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"Linux"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"58bf93580fec30d84a46be41171c5fad98b5cc70","status":"affected","lessThan":"ee18012c80155f6809522804099621070c69ec72","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c1291ea131d186296dc8d328a36c3caf38e8e159","status":"affected","lessThan":"b5792c162dcf6197bf3d2de2be6c8169435b73d0","versionType":"git"},{"version":"22465bbac53c821319089016f268a2437de9b00a","status":"affected","lessThan":"85672ca9ceeaa1dcf2777a7048af5f4aee3fd02b","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["block/blk-mq.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"6.12.6","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.12.7","versionType":"semver"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["block/blk-mq.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee18012c80155f6809522804099621070c69ec72","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5792c162dcf6197bf3d2de2be6c8169435b73d0","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85672ca9ceeaa1dcf2777a7048af5f4aee3fd02b"],"weaknesses":["CWE-416"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:07:39.287Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2024/41xxx/CVE-2024-41149.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2024-41149","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-01-11T12:35:33.428Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:35:22.867Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2025-01-11T12:33:33.672Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"block: avoid to reuse `hctx` not removed from cpuhp callback list","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nblock: avoid to reuse `hctx` not removed from cpuhp callback list\n\nIf the 'hctx' isn't removed from cpuhp callback list, we can't reuse it,\notherwise use-after-free may be triggered."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"58bf93580fec30d84a46be41171c5fad98b5cc70","status":"affected","lessThan":"ee18012c80155f6809522804099621070c69ec72","versionType":"git"},{"version":"c1291ea131d186296dc8d328a36c3caf38e8e159","status":"affected","lessThan":"b5792c162dcf6197bf3d2de2be6c8169435b73d0","versionType":"git"},{"version":"22465bbac53c821319089016f268a2437de9b00a","status":"affected","lessThan":"85672ca9ceeaa1dcf2777a7048af5f4aee3fd02b","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["block/blk-mq.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"6.12.6","status":"affected","lessThan":"6.12.7","versionType":"semver"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["block/blk-mq.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ee18012c80155f6809522804099621070c69ec72"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5792c162dcf6197bf3d2de2be6c8169435b73d0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85672ca9ceeaa1dcf2777a7048af5f4aee3fd02b"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The vulnerable path is generic block-layer hw-queue reallocation reached through local interfaces — sysfs queue reconfiguration, block ioctls/netlink, device reset, and suspend/resume — with no network-facing parser involved. Even the nvme-oF reconnect angle requires an already-established local block device, so the attack is local.\nAC:L - The reuse of a still-cpuhp-registered hctx is deterministic on any nr_hw_queues update, and the conditions that turn it into a free (allocation failure in blk_mq_init_hctx) or a concurrent callback are attacker-influenceable via memory pressure and repeated queue reconfiguration. Both sides of the race/window are driven by the attacker's own repeated operations.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user can drive the queue-reallocation path indirectly — inducing NVMe controller resets through I/O timeouts and via logind-permitted suspend/resume (which also mass-offlines/onlines CPUs, walking the corrupted lists) — while supplying the memory pressure needed for the failing-init free. No root-only capability is strictly required for the influencing conditions.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed; the attacker triggers queue reallocation and the subsequent hotplug/list operations entirely through its own activity.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap and kernel-global cpuhp instance lists within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The dangling hlist node lets an attacker reallocate the freed blk_mq_hw_ctx slab object and have the kernel traverse attacker-controlled list pointers and dereference hctx->queue in blk_mq_hctx_notify_dead(), yielding an arbitrary kernel-memory read primitive.\nI:H - hlist_add_head() writes a kernel pointer into the freed object and hlist_del() through a reallocated node is a write-what-where; the callback path additionally reaches q->mq_ops indirect calls from freed memory, enabling control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - A use-after-free on globally traversed cpuhp instance lists reliably produces list corruption, oopses, and kernel panics on the next CPU hotplug transition or block-queue setup/teardown."}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-08-05T11:35:22.867Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.12.6","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.7"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"scope":"UNCHANGED","version":"3.1","baseScore":7.8,"attackVector":"LOCAL","baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","integrityImpact":"HIGH","userInteraction":"NONE","attackComplexity":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"LOW","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH"}},{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"id":"CVE-2024-41149","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2025-02-11T15:41:11.000102Z"}}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-416","lang":"en","type":"CWE","description":"CWE-416 Use After Free"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-02-11T15:45:20.309Z"}}]}}}