{"id":"CVE-2024-25581","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"Transfer requests received over DoH can lead to a denial of service in DNSdist","description":"When incoming DNS over HTTPS support is enabled using the nghttp2 provider, and queries are routed to a tcp-only or DNS over TLS backend, an attacker can trigger an assertion failure in DNSdist by sending a request for a zone transfer (AXFR or IXFR) over DNS over HTTPS, causing the process to stop and thus leading to a Denial of Service. DNS over HTTPS is not enabled by default, and backends are using plain DNS (Do53) by default.","publishedAt":"2024-05-13T11:49:24.500Z","updatedAt":"2025-02-13T17:40:49.395Z","severity":{"score":7.5,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","source":"OX"},"assigner":"OX","products":["PowerDNS DNSdist"],"affected":[{"vendor":"PowerDNS","product":"DNSdist","packageName":"dnsdist","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"1.9.0","status":"affected"},{"version":"1.9.1","status":"affected"},{"version":"1.9.2","status":"affected"},{"version":"1.9.3","status":"affected"}],"collectionURL":"https://repo.powerdns.com/","modules":["dns-over-https"],"repo":"https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns"}],"references":["https://dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2024-03.html","http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/05/13/1"],"weaknesses":["CWE-20"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:07:10.607Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2024/25xxx/CVE-2024-25581.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.1","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2024-25581","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2024-05-13T11:49:24.500Z","dateUpdated":"2025-02-13T17:40:49.395Z","assignerShortName":"OX","assignerOrgId":"8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981","dateReserved":"2024-02-08T08:15:37.204Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"Transfer requests received over DoH can lead to a denial of service in DNSdist","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"When incoming DNS over HTTPS support is enabled using the nghttp2 provider, and queries are routed to a tcp-only or DNS over TLS backend, an attacker can trigger an assertion failure in DNSdist by sending a request for a zone transfer (AXFR or IXFR) over DNS over HTTPS, causing the process to stop and thus leading to a Denial of Service. DNS over HTTPS is not enabled by default, and backends are using plain DNS (Do53) by default."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"PowerDNS","product":"DNSdist","packageName":"dnsdist","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"1.9.0","status":"affected"},{"version":"1.9.1","status":"affected"},{"version":"1.9.2","status":"affected"},{"version":"1.9.3","status":"affected"}],"collectionURL":"https://repo.powerdns.com/","modules":["dns-over-https"],"repo":"https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns"}],"references":[{"url":"https://dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2024-03.html"},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/05/13/1"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-20","description":"CWE-20 Improper Input Validation","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"OX","orgId":"8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981","dateUpdated":"2024-06-10T17:12:42.212Z"},"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Daniel Stirnimann from Switch"}],"datePublic":"2024-05-13T10:00:00.000Z","impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-212","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-212 Functionality Misuse"}]}],"source":{"advisory":"PowerDNS Security Advisory 2024-03","discovery":"EXTERNAL"},"workarounds":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"<p>Option 1: refuse incoming XFR requests via a DNSdist rule: addAction(OrRule({QTypeRule(DNSQType.AXFR), QTypeRule(DNSQType.IXFR)}), RCodeAction(DNSRCode.REFUSED)). Option 2: switch to the legacy h2o provider by setting library='h2o' in the addDOHLocal directive</p>"}],"value":"Option 1: refuse incoming XFR requests via a DNSdist rule: addAction(OrRule({QTypeRule(DNSQType.AXFR), QTypeRule(DNSQType.IXFR)}), RCodeAction(DNSRCode.REFUSED)). 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