{"id":"CVE-2023-52628","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"netfilter: nftables: exthdr: fix 4-byte stack OOB write","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nftables: exthdr: fix 4-byte stack OOB write\n\nIf priv->len is a multiple of 4, then dst[len / 4] can write past\nthe destination array which leads to stack corruption.\n\nThis construct is necessary to clean the remainder of the register\nin case ->len is NOT a multiple of the register size, so make it\nconditional just like nft_payload.c does.\n\nThe bug was added in 4.1 cycle and then copied/inherited when\ntcp/sctp and ip option support was added.\n\nBug reported by Zero Day Initiative project (ZDI-CAN-21950,\nZDI-CAN-21951, ZDI-CAN-21961).","publishedAt":"2024-03-28T07:33:46.217Z","updatedAt":"2026-08-05T09:10:47.591Z","severity":{"score":7.8,"label":"High","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","source":"Linux"},"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux 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nftables: exthdr: fix 4-byte stack OOB write","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nftables: exthdr: fix 4-byte stack OOB write\n\nIf priv->len is a multiple of 4, then dst[len / 4] can write past\nthe destination array which leads to stack corruption.\n\nThis construct is necessary to clean the remainder of the register\nin case ->len is NOT a multiple of the register size, so make it\nconditional just like nft_payload.c does.\n\nThe bug was added in 4.1 cycle and then copied/inherited when\ntcp/sctp and ip option support was added.\n\nBug reported by Zero Day Initiative project (ZDI-CAN-21950,\nZDI-CAN-21951, ZDI-CAN-21961)."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"28a97c43c9e32f437ebb8d6126f9bb7f3ca9521a","versionType":"git"},{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"cf39c4f77a773a547ac2bcf30ecdd303bb0c80cb","versionType":"git"},{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"a7d86a77c33ba1c357a7504341172cc1507f0698","versionType":"git"},{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"1ad7b189cc1411048434e8595ffcbe7873b71082","versionType":"git"},{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"d9ebfc0f21377690837ebbd119e679243e0099cc","versionType":"git"},{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"c8f292322ff16b9a2272a67de396c09a50e09dce","versionType":"git"},{"version":"49499c3e6e18b7677a63316f3ff54a16533dc28f","status":"affected","lessThan":"fd94d9dadee58e09b49075240fe83423eb1dcd36","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/netfilter/nft_exthdr.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"4.1","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"4.1","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.19.316","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.19.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.4.279","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.4.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.198","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.132","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.1.54","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.5.4","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"6.5.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"6.6","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/netfilter/nft_exthdr.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28a97c43c9e32f437ebb8d6126f9bb7f3ca9521a"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cf39c4f77a773a547ac2bcf30ecdd303bb0c80cb"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a7d86a77c33ba1c357a7504341172cc1507f0698"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ad7b189cc1411048434e8595ffcbe7873b71082"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d9ebfc0f21377690837ebbd119e679243e0099cc"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8f292322ff16b9a2272a67de396c09a50e09dce"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd94d9dadee58e09b49075240fe83423eb1dcd36"}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The vulnerable nft_exthdr eval paths are reached only after an attacker installs a crafted nftables rule over netlink and then triggers packet evaluation in that netns; nftables/netlink is a local attack surface, not remote packet parsing.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls dreg/len via rule creation and can reliably force len to be a multiple of 4 that fills regs to the end, then trigger evaluation with a crafted local packet; no race or uncontrolled condition is required.\nPR:L - Rule installation requires CAP_NET_ADMIN checked via netlink_net_capable against the network namespace user_ns, which an unprivileged process obtains with user and network namespaces (unshare -Urn).\nUI:N - No victim action is needed; the attacker creates the malicious rule and sends packets in their own netns to hit the exthdr expression.\nS:U - Impact is kernel memory corruption / potential privilege escalation within the same host kernel authority; this is not a VM, IOMMU, or other cross-boundary escape.\nC:H - A kernel stack out-of-bounds write corrupts adjacent stack state and, per memory-corruption guidance and vendor notes of potential information disclosure, can be leveraged toward confidentiality impact; when uncertain the higher severity applies.\nI:H - This is a confirmed stack out-of-bounds write past struct nft_regs (into stackptr/jumpstack territory), and OOB writes are scored High for integrity due to exploitable control-flow / memory-corruption potential.\nA:H - Stack corruption adjacent to nft_do_chain locals can cause kernel oops/panic or broken jump-stack handling, yielding a high availability 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