{"id":"CVE-2022-49345","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"net: xfrm: unexport __init-annotated xfrm4_protocol_init()","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: xfrm: unexport __init-annotated xfrm4_protocol_init()\n\nEXPORT_SYMBOL and __init is a bad combination because the .init.text\nsection is freed up after the initialization. Hence, modules cannot\nuse symbols annotated __init. The access to a freed symbol may end up\nwith kernel panic.\n\nmodpost used to detect it, but it has been broken for a decade.\n\nRecently, I fixed modpost so it started to warn it again, then this\nshowed up in linux-next builds.\n\nThere are two ways to fix it:\n\n  - Remove __init\n  - Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL\n\nI chose the latter for this case because the only in-tree call-site,\nnet/ipv4/xfrm4_policy.c is never compiled as modular.\n(CONFIG_XFRM is boolean)","publishedAt":"2025-02-26T02:11:00.976Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-11T18:57:54.195Z","severity":null,"assigner":"Linux","products":["Linux Linux"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"c58d82a1264813e69119c13e9804e2e60b664ad5","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"e53cd3814504b2cadaba4d5a8a07eeea9ddacd03","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"31f3c6a4dcd3260a386e62cef2d5b36e902600a1","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"ef6d2354de238b065d8799c80da4be9a6af18e39","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"be3884d5cd04ccd58294b83a02d70b7c5fca19d3","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"85a055c03691e51499123194a14a0c249cf33227","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"e04d59cfe0c0129df7aba7ef7bb17b96be2a64f2","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"2b253fbc9f7b5db18d716436bdcf8ecef09fd63d","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"4a388f08d8784af48f352193d2b72aaf167a57a1","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/ipv4/xfrm4_protocol.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"3.15","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"3.15","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.9.318","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.9.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.14.283","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.14.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.19.247","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.19.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.4.198","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.4.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.122","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.47","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.17.15","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.18.4","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.18.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.19","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/ipv4/xfrm4_protocol.c"]}],"references":["https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c58d82a1264813e69119c13e9804e2e60b664ad5","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e53cd3814504b2cadaba4d5a8a07eeea9ddacd03","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31f3c6a4dcd3260a386e62cef2d5b36e902600a1","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef6d2354de238b065d8799c80da4be9a6af18e39","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/be3884d5cd04ccd58294b83a02d70b7c5fca19d3","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85a055c03691e51499123194a14a0c249cf33227","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e04d59cfe0c0129df7aba7ef7bb17b96be2a64f2","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b253fbc9f7b5db18d716436bdcf8ecef09fd63d","https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a388f08d8784af48f352193d2b72aaf167a57a1"],"weaknesses":[],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T20:05:26.763Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2022/49xxx/CVE-2022-49345.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2022-49345","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-02-26T02:11:00.976Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T18:57:54.195Z","assignerShortName":"Linux","assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateReserved":"2025-02-26T02:08:31.542Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"net: xfrm: unexport __init-annotated xfrm4_protocol_init()","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: xfrm: unexport __init-annotated xfrm4_protocol_init()\n\nEXPORT_SYMBOL and __init is a bad combination because the .init.text\nsection is freed up after the initialization. Hence, modules cannot\nuse symbols annotated __init. The access to a freed symbol may end up\nwith kernel panic.\n\nmodpost used to detect it, but it has been broken for a decade.\n\nRecently, I fixed modpost so it started to warn it again, then this\nshowed up in linux-next builds.\n\nThere are two ways to fix it:\n\n  - Remove __init\n  - Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL\n\nI chose the latter for this case because the only in-tree call-site,\nnet/ipv4/xfrm4_policy.c is never compiled as modular.\n(CONFIG_XFRM is boolean)"}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"c58d82a1264813e69119c13e9804e2e60b664ad5","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"e53cd3814504b2cadaba4d5a8a07eeea9ddacd03","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"31f3c6a4dcd3260a386e62cef2d5b36e902600a1","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"ef6d2354de238b065d8799c80da4be9a6af18e39","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"be3884d5cd04ccd58294b83a02d70b7c5fca19d3","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"85a055c03691e51499123194a14a0c249cf33227","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"e04d59cfe0c0129df7aba7ef7bb17b96be2a64f2","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"2b253fbc9f7b5db18d716436bdcf8ecef09fd63d","versionType":"git"},{"version":"2f32b51b609faea1e40bb8c5bd305f1351740936","status":"affected","lessThan":"4a388f08d8784af48f352193d2b72aaf167a57a1","versionType":"git"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/ipv4/xfrm4_protocol.c"]},{"vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","defaultStatus":"affected","versions":[{"version":"3.15","status":"affected"},{"version":"0","status":"unaffected","lessThan":"3.15","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.9.318","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.9.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.14.283","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.14.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"4.19.247","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"4.19.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.4.198","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.4.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.10.122","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.15.47","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.17.15","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.17.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.18.4","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"5.18.*","versionType":"semver"},{"version":"5.19","status":"unaffected","lessThanOrEqual":"*","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","programFiles":["net/ipv4/xfrm4_protocol.c"]}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c58d82a1264813e69119c13e9804e2e60b664ad5"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e53cd3814504b2cadaba4d5a8a07eeea9ddacd03"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31f3c6a4dcd3260a386e62cef2d5b36e902600a1"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef6d2354de238b065d8799c80da4be9a6af18e39"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/be3884d5cd04ccd58294b83a02d70b7c5fca19d3"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/85a055c03691e51499123194a14a0c249cf33227"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e04d59cfe0c0129df7aba7ef7bb17b96be2a64f2"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b253fbc9f7b5db18d716436bdcf8ecef09fd63d"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a388f08d8784af48f352193d2b72aaf167a57a1"}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"Linux","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T18:57:54.195Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"4.9.318"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"4.14.283"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"4.19.247"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"5.4.198"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.122"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.47"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"5.17.15"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"5.18.4"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"3.15","versionEndExcluding":"5.19"}]}]}],"x_generator":{"engine":"bipp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