{"id":"CVE-2018-25126","state":"PUBLISHED","title":"TVT NVMS-9000 Hard-coded API Credentials & Command Injection","description":"Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000 firmware (used by many white-labeled DVR/NVR/IPC products) contains hardcoded API credentials and an OS command injection flaw in its configuration services. The web/API interface accepts HTTP/XML requests authenticated with a fixed vendor credential string and passes user-controlled fields into shell execution contexts without proper argument sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can leverage the hard-coded credential to access endpoints such as /editBlackAndWhiteList and inject shell metacharacters inside XML parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution as root. The same vulnerable backend is also reachable in some models through a proprietary TCP service on port 4567 that accepts a magic GUID preface and base64-encoded XML, enabling the same command injection sink. Firmware releases from mid-February 2018 and later are reported to have addressed this issue. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-01-28 UTC.","publishedAt":"2025-11-24T20:30:45.278Z","updatedAt":"2025-11-25T13:06:45.928Z","severity":{"score":9.3,"label":"Critical","version":"4.0","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","source":"VulnCheck"},"assigner":"VulnCheck","products":["Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000"],"affected":[{"vendor":"Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd.","product":"NVMS-9000","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThan":"mid-February firmware builds","versionType":"custom"}]}],"references":["https://web.archive.org/web/20180614014914/http://en.tvt.net.cn:80/news/227.html","https://github.com/mcw0/PoC/blob/master/TVT_and_OEM_IPC_NVR_DVR_RCE_Backdoor_and_Information_Disclosure.txt","https://qkl.seebug.org/vuldb/ssvid-97217","https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/iot-botnet-exploiting-tvt-shenzhen-dvrs-still-lingers","https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tvt-nvms9000-hardcoded-api-credentials-and-command-injection"],"weaknesses":["CWE-798","CWE-78"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-29T19:44:44.295Z","source":{"repository":"CVEProject/cvelistV5","path":"cves/2018/25xxx/CVE-2018-25126.json","commit":"556c9d3a8cd17e218bb8e452ba7cd619a384ff47"},"raw":{"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2","cveMetadata":{"cveId":"CVE-2018-25126","state":"PUBLISHED","datePublished":"2025-11-24T20:30:45.278Z","dateUpdated":"2025-11-25T13:06:45.928Z","assignerShortName":"VulnCheck","assignerOrgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateReserved":"2025-11-24T18:22:09.862Z"},"containers":{"cna":{"title":"TVT NVMS-9000 Hard-coded API Credentials & Command Injection","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000 firmware (used by many white-labeled DVR/NVR/IPC products) contains hardcoded API credentials and an OS command injection flaw in its configuration services. The web/API interface accepts HTTP/XML requests authenticated with a fixed vendor credential string and passes user-controlled fields into shell execution contexts without proper argument sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can leverage the hard-coded credential to access endpoints such as /editBlackAndWhiteList and inject shell metacharacters inside XML parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution as root. The same vulnerable backend is also reachable in some models through a proprietary TCP service on port 4567 that accepts a magic GUID preface and base64-encoded XML, enabling the same command injection sink. Firmware releases from mid-February 2018 and later are reported to have addressed this issue. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-01-28 UTC."}],"affected":[{"vendor":"Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd.","product":"NVMS-9000","defaultStatus":"unaffected","versions":[{"version":"0","status":"affected","lessThan":"mid-February firmware builds","versionType":"custom"}]}],"references":[{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180614014914/http://en.tvt.net.cn:80/news/227.html","tags":["vendor-advisory","patch","mitigation"]},{"url":"https://github.com/mcw0/PoC/blob/master/TVT_and_OEM_IPC_NVR_DVR_RCE_Backdoor_and_Information_Disclosure.txt","tags":["technical-description","exploit"]},{"url":"https://qkl.seebug.org/vuldb/ssvid-97217","tags":["exploit"]},{"url":"https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/iot-botnet-exploiting-tvt-shenzhen-dvrs-still-lingers","tags":["related"]},{"url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tvt-nvms9000-hardcoded-api-credentials-and-command-injection","tags":["third-party-advisory"]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"NETWORK","baseScore":9.3,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","privilegesRequired":"NONE","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"HIGH","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","vulnIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-798","description":"CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]},{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-78","description":"CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"VulnCheck","orgId":"83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10","dateUpdated":"2025-11-25T13:06:45.928Z"},"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:tvt:nvms-9000_firmware:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}],"operator":"OR"}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"mcw0"}],"source":{"discovery":"UNKNOWN"},"tags":["x_known-exploited-vulnerability"],"timeline":[{"lang":"en","time":"2018-04-09T16:00:00.000Z","value":"Vulnerability is publicly disclosed via Seebug"}],"x_generator":{"engine":"vulncheck"}},"adp":[{"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment","metrics":[{"other":{"type":"ssvc","content":{"timestamp":"2025-11-24T21:02:51.871046Z","id":"CVE-2018-25126","options":[{"Exploitation":"poc"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}}],"providerMetadata":{"shortName":"CISA-ADP","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","dateUpdated":"2025-11-24T21:03:00.316Z"}}]}}}